Isaiah


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(Heb. Yesh’yahu, i.e., “the salvation of Jehovah”). (1.) The son of Amoz (Isa. 1:1; 2:1), who was apparently a man of humble rank. His wife was called “the prophetess” (8:3), either because she was endowed with the prophetic gift, like Deborah (Judg. 4:4) and Huldah (2 Kings 22:14-20), or simply because she was the wife of “the prophet” (Isa. 38:1). He had two sons, who bore symbolical names. He exercised the functions of his office during the reigns of Uzziah (or Azariah), Jotham, Ahaz, and Hezekiah (1:1). Uzziah reigned fifty-two years (B.C. 810-759), and Isaiah must have begun his career a few years before Uzziah’s death, probably B.C. 762. He lived till the fourteenth year of Hezekiah, and in all likelihood outlived that monarch (who died B.C. 698), and may have been contemporary for some years with Manasseh. Thus Isaiah may have prophesied for the long period of at least sixty-four years. His first call to the prophetical office is not recorded. A second call came to him “in the year that King Uzziah died” (Isa. 6:1). He exercised his ministry in a spirit of uncompromising firmness and boldness in regard to all that bore on the interests of religion. He conceals nothing and keeps nothing back from fear of man. He was also noted for his spirituality and for his deep-toned reverence toward “the holy One of Israel.” In early youth Isaiah must have been moved by the invasion of Israel by the Assyrian monarch Pul (q.v.), 2 Kings 15:19; and again, twenty years later, when he had already entered on his office, by the invasion of Tiglath-pileser and his career of conquest. Ahaz, king of Judah, at this crisis refused to co-operate with the kings of Israel and Syria in opposition to the Assyrians, and was on that account attacked and defeated by Rezin of Damascus and Pekah of Samaria (2 Kings 16:5; 2 Chr. 28:5, 6). Ahaz, thus humbled, sided with Assyria, and sought the aid of Tiglath-pileser against Israel and Syria. The consequence was that Rezin and Pekah were conquered and many of the people carried captive to Assyria (2 Kings 15:29; 16:9; 1 Chr. 5:26). Soon after this Shalmaneser determined wholly to subdue the kingdom of Israel. Samaria was taken and destroyed (B.C. 722). So long as Ahaz reigned, the kingdom of Judah was unmolested by the Assyrian power; but on his accession to the throne, Hezekiah (B.C. 726), who “rebelled against the king of Assyria” (2 Kings 18:7), in which he was encouraged by Isaiah, who exhorted the people to place all their dependence on Jehovah (Isa. 10:24; 37:6), entered into an alliance with the king of Egypt (Isa. 30:2-4). This led the king of Assyria to threaten the king of Judah, and at length to invade the land. Sennacherib (B.C. 701) led a powerful army into Palestine. Hezekiah was reduced to despair, and submitted to the Assyrians (2 Kings 18:14-16). But after a brief interval war broke out again, and again Sennacherib (q.v.) led an army into Palestine, one detachment of which threatened Jerusalem (Isa. 36:2-22; 37:8). Isaiah on that occasion encouraged Hezekiah to resist the Assyrians (37:1-7), whereupon Sennacherib sent a threatening letter to Hezekiah, which he “spread before the Lord” (37:14). The judgement of God now fell on the Assyrian host. “Like Xerxes in Greece, Sennacherib never recovered from the shock of the disaster in Judah. He made no more expeditions against either Southern Palestine or Egypt.” The remaining years of Hezekiah’s reign were peaceful (2 Chr. 32:23, 27-29). Isaiah probably lived to its close, and possibly into the reign of Manasseh, but the time and manner of his death are unknown. There is a tradition that he suffered martyrdom in the heathen reaction in the time of Manasseh (q.v.). (2.) One of the heads of the singers in the time of David (1 Chr. 25:3, 15, “Jeshaiah”). (3.) A Levite (1 Chr. 26:25). (4.) Ezra 8:7. (5.) Neh. 11:7.

Scripture related to Isaiah

  • isaiah, Son of Amos
  • isaiah, Prophesies in the days of Uzziah, Jotham, Ahaz, and Hezekiah, kings of Judah
  • isaiah, Prophecy at the time of the invasion by Tartan, of Assyria
  • isaiah, Symbolically wears sackcloth, and walks barefoot as a sign to Israel
  • isaiah, Comforts and encourages Hezekiah and the people during the siege of Jerusalem by Rab-shakeh
  • isaiah, Comforts Hezekiah in his affliction
  • isaiah, Performs the miracle of the returning shadow to confirm Hezekiah’s faith
  • isaiah, Reproves Hezekiah’s folly in exhibiting his resources to the commissioners from Babylon
  • isaiah, Is the chronicler of the times of Uzziah and Hezekiah
  • isaiah, PROPHECIES, REPROOFS, AND EXHORTATIONS OF: Foretells punishment of the Jews for idolatry, and reproves self-confidence and distrust of God
  • isaiah, PROPHECIES, REPROOFS, AND EXHORTATIONS OF: Foretells the destruction of the Jews
  • isaiah, PROPHECIES, REPROOFS, AND EXHORTATIONS OF: Promises to the remnant restoration of divine favour
  • isaiah, PROPHECIES, REPROOFS, AND EXHORTATIONS OF: Delineates the ingratitude of the Jews in the parable of the vineyard, and reproves it
  • isaiah, PROPHECIES, REPROOFS, AND EXHORTATIONS OF: Denounces existing corruptions
  • isaiah, PROPHECIES, REPROOFS, AND EXHORTATIONS OF: Foretells the failure of the plot of the Israelites and Syrians against Judah
  • isaiah, PROPHECIES, REPROOFS, AND EXHORTATIONS OF: Denounces calamities against Israel and Judah
  • isaiah, PROPHECIES, REPROOFS, AND EXHORTATIONS OF: Foretells prosperity under Hezekiah, and the manifestation of the Messiah
  • isaiah, PROPHECIES, REPROOFS, AND EXHORTATIONS OF: Denounces vengeance upon the enemies of Israel
  • isaiah, PROPHECIES, REPROOFS, AND EXHORTATIONS OF: Denounces the wickedness of Israel, and foretells the judgments of God
  • isaiah, PROPHECIES, REPROOFS, AND EXHORTATIONS OF: Denounces judgments against false prophets
  • isaiah, PROPHECIES, REPROOFS, AND EXHORTATIONS OF: Foretells the destruction of Sennacherib’s armies
  • isaiah, PROPHECIES, REPROOFS, AND EXHORTATIONS OF: The restoration of Israel and the triumph of the Messiah’s kingdom
  • isaiah, PROPHECIES, REPROOFS, AND EXHORTATIONS OF: The burden of Babylon
  • isaiah, PROPHECIES, REPROOFS, AND EXHORTATIONS OF: Denunciation against the Philistines
  • isaiah, PROPHECIES, REPROOFS, AND EXHORTATIONS OF: Burden of Moab
  • isaiah, PROPHECIES, REPROOFS, AND EXHORTATIONS OF: Burden of Damascus
  • isaiah, PROPHECIES, REPROOFS, AND EXHORTATIONS OF: An obscure prophecy, supposed by some authorities to be directed against the Assyrians, by others against the Egyptians, and by others against the Ethiopians
  • isaiah, PROPHECIES, REPROOFS, AND EXHORTATIONS OF: The burden of Egypt
  • isaiah, PROPHECIES, REPROOFS, AND EXHORTATIONS OF: Denunciations against Babylon
  • isaiah, PROPHECIES, REPROOFS, AND EXHORTATIONS OF: Prophecy concerning Seir
  • isaiah, PROPHECIES, REPROOFS, AND EXHORTATIONS OF: Arabia
  • isaiah, PROPHECIES, REPROOFS, AND EXHORTATIONS OF: Concerning the conquest of Jerusalem, the captivity of Shebna, and the promotion of Eliakim
  • isaiah, PROPHECIES, REPROOFS, AND EXHORTATIONS OF: The overthrow of Tyre
  • isaiah, PROPHECIES, REPROOFS, AND EXHORTATIONS OF: The judgments upon the land, but that a remnant of the Jews would be saved
  • isaiah, PROPHECIES, REPROOFS, AND EXHORTATIONS OF: Reproves Ephraim for his wickedness, and fortells the destruction by Shalmaneser
  • isaiah, PROPHECIES, REPROOFS, AND EXHORTATIONS OF: Declares the glory of God upon the remnant who are saved
  • isaiah, PROPHECIES, REPROOFS, AND EXHORTATIONS OF: Exposes the corruptions in Jerusalem and exhorts to repentance
  • isaiah, PROPHECIES, REPROOFS, AND EXHORTATIONS OF: Foretells the invasion of Sennacherib, the distress of the Jews, and the destruction of the Assyrian army
  • isaiah, PROPHECIES, REPROOFS, AND EXHORTATIONS OF: Denounces the hypocrisy of the Jews
  • isaiah, PROPHECIES, REPROOFS, AND EXHORTATIONS OF: Promises a reformation
  • isaiah, PROPHECIES, REPROOFS, AND EXHORTATIONS OF: Reproves the people for their confidence in Egypt, and their contempt of God
  • isaiah, PROPHECIES, REPROOFS, AND EXHORTATIONS OF: Declares the goodness and longsuffering of God toward them
  • isaiah, PROPHECIES, REPROOFS, AND EXHORTATIONS OF: Reproves the Jews for their spiritual blindness and infidelity
  • isaiah, PROPHECIES, REPROOFS, AND EXHORTATIONS OF: Promises ultimate restoration of the Jews
  • isaiah, PROPHECIES, REPROOFS, AND EXHORTATIONS OF: Foretells the ultimate destruction of Babylon
  • isaiah, PROPHECIES, REPROOFS, AND EXHORTATIONS OF: Exhorts the people to repent
  • isaiah, PROPHECIES, REPROOFS, AND EXHORTATIONS OF: Comforts the Jewish community with promises, exposes the folly of idolatry, and their future deliverance from captivity by Cyrus
  • isaiah, PROPHECIES, REPROOFS, AND EXHORTATIONS OF: Fortells the conversion of the Gentiles and the triumph of the gospel
  • isaiah, PROPHECIES, REPROOFS, AND EXHORTATIONS OF: Denounces the evils of idolatry
  • isaiah, PROPHECIES, REPROOFS, AND EXHORTATIONS OF: Reproves the Jews for their idolatries and other wickedness
  • isaiah, PROPHECIES, REPROOFS, AND EXHORTATIONS OF: Exhorts to sanctification
  • isaiah, PROPHECIES, REPROOFS, AND EXHORTATIONS OF: Foretells calamities to Judah with 57; 58; 59
  • isaiah, PROPHECIES, REPROOFS, AND EXHORTATIONS OF: Foreshadows the person and the kingdom of the Messiah

Other Resources

Hymns related to Isaiah

Worship resources for Isaiah

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