MUSIC

–Teachers of 1Ch 15:22; 25:7,8; 2Ch 23:13

–Physical effect of, on man 1Sa 6:15,16

–Discoursed during the offering of sacrifices 2Ch 29:27,28

–Precentor Ne 12:42

–Chief musician Ne 12:42; Hab 3:19

–Chambers for musicians in the temple, in Ezekiel’s vision Eze 40:44

–In heaven Re 5:8,9; 14:2,3; 15:2,3

–INSTRUMENTS OF

.Invented by Jubal Ge 4:21

.Invented by David 1Ch 23:5; 2Ch 7:6; 29:26; Am 6:5

.Made by Solomon 1Ki 10:12; 2Ch 9:11; Ec 2:8

.Made by Tyrians Eze 28:13

.CORNET Da 3:5,7,10

.See TRUMPET

.CYMBAL

.See CYMBAL

.DULCIMER, a double pipe Da 3:5,10,15

.FLUTE Da 3:5,7,10,15

.GITTITH, a stringed instrument Ps 8; 81; 84

.HARP

.See HARP

.ORGAN, probably composed of pipes furnishing a number of notes Ge 4:21; Job 21:12; 30:31; Ps 150:4

.PIPE

.See PIPE

.PSALTERY

.See PSALTERY

.SACKBUT, a harp Da 3:5,7,10,15

.TABRET

.See TIMBREL

.TIMBREL, a tambourine

.See TIMBREL

.TRUMPET

.See TRUMPET

.VIOL, a lyre Isa 5:12; 14:11; Am 5:23; 6:5

–SYMBOLS USED IN

–ALAMOTH

.(Literally virgins) .A musical term which appears in 1Ch 15:20

.And in the title of Ps 46:1

.(It seems to indicate the rendering of the song by female voices, possibly soprano) -AL-TASCHITH

.It appears in the titles of Ps 57:1; 58:1; 59:1; 75:1

.(it seems to have been used to indicate the kind of ode, or the kind of melody in which the ode should be sung.)

–HIGGAION Ps 92:3

.(According to Gesenius, it signifies the murmuring tone of a harp, and hence that the music should be rendered in a plaintive manner.) Ps 9:16

.(Combined with “Selah,” it may have been intended to indicate a pause in the vocal music while the instruments rendered an interlude.) Ps 19:14

.(Mendelssohn translates it “meditation, thought.” Hence, the music was to be rendered in a mode to promote devout meditation.)

–MAKALATH, MASCHIL, LEANNOTH

.These terms are found in the titles of Ps 53:1; 88:1

.(Authorities grope in darkness as to their signification. They may indicate the instruments to be played, or the melody to be sung)

–MASCHIL

.This musical sign occurs in the titles of Ps 32:1; 42:1; 44:1; 45:1; 52:1; 53:1; 54:1; 55:1; 74:1; 78:1; 88:1; 89:1; 142:1

.(The meaning is obscure. But its signification where it occurs elsewhere than in the titles of Psalms is equivalent to the English word “instruction,” or to become wise by instruction; hence, Ps 47:7: “Sing ye praises with understanding.”)

–MICAHTAM

.A musical term in the titles of Ps 16:1; 56:1; 57:1; 58:1; 59:1; 60:1

.(Luther interprets this as “golden,” that is, “precious.” Ewald interprets it as signifying a plaintive manner.)

–MUTH-LABBEN

.In the title of Ps 9:1

.(Authorities, ancient and modern, differ as to the probable signification. Gesenius and De Wette interpret it, “with the voice of virgins, by boys.” Others derive the word from a different Hebrew root, and interpret it as indicating that the Psalm was a funeral ode.)

–NEGINAH and NEGINOTH

.Appear in the titles of Ps 4:1; 54:1; 55:1; 61:1; 67:1; Hab 3:19

.(Its use seems to have been to indicate that the song should be accompanied by stringed instruments.) -NEHILOTH

.Appears in the title of Ps 5:1

.(It seems to indicate, according to Gesenius, that when this Psalm was sung it was to be accompanied by wind instruments.) -SELAH

.(This term appears frequently in the Psalms. Its use is not known. Possibly it signified a pause in the vocal music while an instrumental interlude or finale was rendered.)

–SHEMINITH

.In the titles of Ps 6:1; 12:1

.(Translated “eighth,” probably indicates the measure, movement, or pitch.)

–SHIGGAION

.In the title of Ps 7:1

.And its plural, SHIGIONOTH, in the title of Hab 3:1

.(Supposed to be a musical term to guide in rendering the song. At the close of the chapter, the author refers the ode “to the chief musician, on my stringed instruments.” The term may suggest the movement in interpreting the music set to it.)

–SHOSHANNIM and SHUSHAN-EDUTH .In the titles to Ps 45:1; 60:1; 69:1; 80:1

.(Seems to indicate the manner in which these Psalms were to be rendered. Kimchi, Tremellius, and Eichhorn render it “hexachorda,” that is, that in singing these Psalms instruments of six strings were to accompany.)

–UNCLASSIFIED SCRIPTURES RELATING TO Ge 31:27; Ex 15:1,20,21; 21:17-20; Jud 5:1-3; 11:34; 1Sa 18:6,7; 2Sa 19:35; 1Ki 1:40; 1Ch 6:31,32; 15:16-22,24,27,28; 16:4-39,41,42; 22:3,5,6,27,30; 25:1,5,6,7,8; 2Ch 5:12,13; 20:19,21,22,28; 23:13,18; 29:25-28; 31:2; 35:15,25; Ezr 2:64; 3:10,11; Neh 12:24,27-31; Job 21:12; 30:31; Ps 33:1-4; 68:4,25,26,32-35; 81:1-3; 87:7; 92:1-3; 95:1,2; 98:1-8; 104:33; 105:2; 135:1,2,3; 137:1-6; 144:9; 149:1-3,6; 150:1-6; Pr 25:20; Ec 2:8; Isa 5:12; 14:11; 16:10; 23:16; 24:8,9; 30:29,32; Jer 31:4; Eze 26:13; 33:32; Da 3:4,6,7; Am 6:5; 8:10; Mt 9:23; 11:17; Mr 14:26; 1Co 14:15; Eph 5:19; Col 3:16; Heb 2:12; Re 14:2,3; 18:22

–See PRAISE

–See PSALMS