[Image] [Hi-Res Image]
Page 139
ISO RELIGIOUS ENCYCLOPEDIA =Churchof Eaglsad and Wales in 1904-05 was put approximately at £8,029,714, of which £2,290,247 were expended by central societies, institutions, etc., for home and foreign missions and other educational and philanthropic works, while £5,546,029 consisted of funds applied to local purposes, such as elementary education, the support of the clergy, and general parochial work, and £193,437 were for the extension of the episcopate in England. Of 29,632 churches and chapels registered for the solemnization of marriage in 1904, 15,538 belonged to the Established Church and 14,094 to other religious denominations. The Presbyterian Church of England had, in 1907, twelve presbyteries, 345 congregations, fifteen preaching stations, and 85,755 enem a. Presby- hers. It has a theological college and terians sad supports seventy-eight missionaries Methodists. abroad, including thirty-three women. In 1905 the amount raised for all pur poses was £304,613. Other Presbyterian divisions in England are the Reformed Presbyterian Synod, Eastern Reformed Synod, United Original Seceders, and Synod of the Church of Scotland in England (see PRFiSHYTERIANa). Under the general desig nation of Methodists (q.v.) are included all those religious bodies which owe their existence, directly or indirectly, to the efforts of John and Charles Wesley. The moat numerous and influential of them are the Wesleyan Methodists, the original body founded in 1739. They are governed pri marily by the Conference and Secondarily by the Synods, the latter being semi-annual meetings of the ministers and selected laymen in each district, with a chairman appointed by the Conference, which is now composed of 300 ministers and an equal number of laymen, with a ministerial presi dent and secretary elected annually. There are likewise quarterly meetings of the ministers and lay officers of each circuit. The authority of both the latter bodies is subordinate to that of the Con ference. They reported for Great Britain in 1907 2,445 ministers, 19,672 lay preachers, 539,146 church members, 7,566 Sunday Schools, 133,108 officers and teachers, 1,000,819 scholars, and 8,520 churches with seating capacity of 2,326,228. Vari ous divisions of Methodists have been formed, the most important being (1) the Methodist New Connexion, formed in 1797 by Alexander Kilham, (2) Primitive Methodists, (3) Bible Christians, and (4) United Methodist Free Churches (see METHOD ISTS). The Independents or Congregationalists reject episcopacy and presbyteries. In 1907 they had fifty-one county and other associations 3. Congre- in England and Wales, with 4,661 gationaliats, churches and preaching stations con Baptists, taming 1 694,879 sittings; the number Calvinistic of ministers in the British Isles was Methodists. then 3,253. Of these 238 were tem porarily without pastoral charge, seventy-nine were engaged in collegiate and tutorial duties, forty-four were occupied in secretarial work, and 378 had retired from the active pastorate be cause of old age or ill health (see CONdRE(}ATION ALIBTa). The Countess of Huntingdon's Connexion, with forty-four chapels and mission stations, is the
outcome of the eighteenth century revival. It is governed by nine trustees assisted by an annual conference of ministers and delegates. The Baptists, like the Congregationalists, are grouped for the most part in associations of churches, the majority of which belong to the Baptist Union, formed in 1813. In England and Wales there were, in 1907, 6,706 churches and chapels and 1,972 pastors. The members numbered 405,244, the Sunday School teachers 57,240, and the Sunday School scholars 564,939. The Welsh Calvinistic Methodist Connexion (see PRESBYTERIANS) is the only church of purely Welsh origin, and embraces a very large section of the Welsh-speaking population. The form of Church government is Presbyterian, and the Church is in federation with the United Free Church of Scotland and with the Presbyterian Church of England. In 1906 the denomination had 1,411 churches; 1,620 chapels and places of worship; 1,248 ministers and preachers; 5,946 deacons; 189,164 communicants; 3,050 on probation; 27,112 Sunday School teachers; and 195,227 Sunday School scholars. For the concerted movement of non-conformists against prelacy Bee FREE CHURCH FEDERATION.
The Salvation Army (q.v.) is one of the moat recent religious denominations and one of the moat
132 slum posts, fifteen prison-gate homes, 183 shelters and cheap food depots for the homeless, 102 workshops and factories, forty-five labor bureaus, thirteen farms, etc. Among the minor denominations the moat important are the Unitarians with about 350 ministers and 345 chapels and other places of worship. The Society of Friends (q.v.) has 18,466 members in Great Britain, 424 recorded ministers, including over 150 women, and 421 places of worship. The Churches of Christ have 13,844 members and 179 churches in the British Isles, with 153 Sunday Schools, 1,583 teachers, and 16,041 scholars. Tne Moraviana (q.v.) have about fifty congregations and preaching stations. The Free Church of England (q.v.y has twenty-four ministers, twenty-seven churches, 1,352 communicants, 8,140 sittings, 361 Sunday School teachers, and 4,196 Sunday School scholars. The Reformed Episcopal Church has twenty-eight ministers, 1,990 communicants, 6,000 sittings, 250 Sunday School teachers, and 2,600 Sunday School ' scholars (bee REFORMED EPISCOPAL CHURCH). The Catholic Apostolic Church (q.v.) has about eighty churches; the New Jerusalem Church (q.v.) has seventy-five societies, with 6,063 registered members; the Mormons (q.v.) have eighty-two churches; and the Plymouth Brethren (q.v.) have twenty-three places of worship in London and its suburbs. In the United $Ingdoin tnere arc about 196,000 Jews, mainly in London and ether large, towns. They have 200 snnagoguea, with about