BROOKS, ELBRIDGE GERRY: American Universalist; b, at Dover, N. H., July 29, 1816; d. at Philadelphia Apr. 8, 1878. He was licensed at Portsmouth, N. H., 1836; became pastor in West Amesbury, Mass., 1837; in East Cambridge, 1838; in Lowell (First Universalist Church), 1845; in Bath, Me., 1846; in Lynn, Mass. (First Universalist Church), 1850; in New York (Church of our Savior), 1859; in Philadelphia (Church of the Messiah), 1868. He was general agent of the board of trustees of the General Convention, 1867-1868. He was an eloquent preacher, courageous and energetic, an advocate of the Maine liquor law and of the cause of the Union during the Civil War, as well as of the doctrine of remedial punishment in the future world. He published Universalism in Life and Doctrine and its Superiority as a Practical Power (New York, 1863) and Our New Departure, or the methods and works of the

274

Universalist Church of America as it enters on its second century (Boston, 1874).

BIBLIOGRAPHY: E. S. Brooks, Life-Work of Elbridge Gerry Brooks, Boston, 1881.

BROOKS, PHILLIPS: American preacher and bishop; b. in Boston Dec. 13, 1835; d. there Jan. 23, 1893. He was of distinguished New England ancestry, being descended on his father's side from John Cotton and on his mother's aide from Samuel Phillips, the founder of Phillips Academy, Andover. He was graduated at Harvard, 1855; studied at the Protestant Episcopal Theological School, Alexandria, Va., 1856-59; became rector of the Church of the Advent, Philadelphia, 1859; of Holy Trinity Church, Philadelphia, 1862; of Trinity Church, Boston, 1869; he was consecrated bishop of Massachusetts, 1891. He was one of the most eloquent, spiritual, successful, and highly esteemed clergymen of his time, and held this position both by intellectual power and an engaging personality. His preaching was preeminently the product of his own experience; he was of broad sympathies and tactful in his dealings with men. He was particularly courteous in cultivating cordial relations with those of other than his own denomination. He gave the Lyman Beecher lectures on preaching before the Yale Divinity School in 1877 (published as Lectures on Preaching, New York, 1877), and was Bohlen lecturer at the Philadelphia Divinity School in 1879 (The Influence of Jesus, 1879). He published five volumes of Sermons during his life (1878-90), and five have been added since his death (1893-1905). His Letters of Travel written to his family appeared in 1893, and a volume of Essays and Addresses, religious, literary, and social, edited by his brother, John Cotton Brooks, in 1894. Individual sermons, addressee, etc., have been printed in many forms and the number of books of extracts from his preaching is very large.

BIBLIOGRAPHY: The best biography is his Life and Letters by A. V. G. Allen, 2 vols., New York, 1900, condensed into 1 vol., ib. 1907.