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Timann

meet the requirements of modern standards, in no small number of cases he refuted error and opened the way to sound judgment. (C. PFENnER.)

BIBLIOGRAPHY: M. Tronchay, Idee de la vie et de L'esprit de Le Nain de Tillemont, Nancy, 1706; Fontaine, Mgmoires pour servir a Mist. de Port-Royal, vol. ii., Utrecht, 1736; B. Racine, Abrgg_ de L'hist. eccMsiastique, xii. 382-403, 13 vole., Paris, 1748-56; J. Bespigne, Hist. de l'abbaye de Port Royal, v. 75-101, Cologne, 1853; Lichtenberger, ESR, xii. 164-166.

TILLETT, WILBUR FISK: Methodist Episcopalian, South; b. at Henderson, N. C., Aug. 25, 1854. He was educated at Trinity College, Durham, N. C. (1871-73), Randolph-Macon College, Ashland, Va. (A.B., 1877), and Princeton Theological Seminary (1880); was pastor of the church of his denomination at Danville, Va. (1880-82). Since 1882 he has been connected with Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tenn., where he has been chaplain and instructor in systematic theology in the Biblical department (1882-83), adjunct professor of the same subject (1883-84), and full professor of systematic theology (since 1884). Since 1886 he has also been dean of the theological faculty and ex-officio vice-chancellor of the university. In 1886-89 he was the secretary of the committee which prepared a new hymn-book for his denomination and was the editor of that publication, while in 1902-05 he was a member of the joint committee of the Methodist Episcopal Church, South, and the Methodist Episcopal Church which prepared a new hymnal for the two bodies, being again the editor. In theology he terms himself " a liberal and progressive conservative," and has written Discussions in, Theology (Nashville, 1887); Our Hymns and their Authors (1889); Personal Salvation: Studies in Christian Doctrine pertaining to the Spiritual Life (1902); and Doctrines and Polity of the Methodist Episcopal Church, South (1903).

TILLOTSON, JOHN: Archbishop of Canterbury; b. at Sowerby, Halifax, England, 1630 (baptized Oct. 10, 1630); d. in London Nov. 22, 1694. He studied at Clare Hall, Cambridge (B.A., 1650; fellow, 1651; M.A., 1654; and D.D., 1666), where Puritan principles were inculcated, but he did not imbibe Puritan doctrines, leaning rather in a latitudinarian direction. Chillingworth, through his writings, is also said to have molded Tillotson's opinions. Early in 1657 he went, as private tutor, to London; he was ordained, and was preaching in 1661, apparently for the Presbyterian party, but in 1662 he submitted to the Act of Uniformity (q.v.), and in 1661 became curate to Thomas Hacket, who was vicar of Cheshunt, Hertfordshire. He was rector of Kedington, Suffolk, 1663-64; preacher at Lincoln's Inn, 1663-91; Tuesday lecturer at St. Lawrence Jewry, 1664-91; as chaplain to Charles II. he became second prebend at Canterbury, 1670, and dean 1672; was also prebend at St. Paul's, 1675-77; became clerk of the closet to the king, 1689; dean of St. Paul's, 1689; was appointed to exercise archiepiscopal jurisdiction, 1689; and became archbishop, 1691. He began as an author in 1664, by publishing a sermon on The Wisdom of being Religious (London, 1664), and The Rule of Faith (2 parts., 1666). It was as a preacher and as an author

of sermons that he became most distinguished; his plain, almost colloquial style, free from learned quotations, artificial arrangement, and endless subdivisions, made him popular with the middle classes, while his good sense and cultured mind made him acceptable also to the learned. He was a thorough Protestant, and at home in the Roman Catholic controversy, and appealed to reason as well as to revelation in support of his opinions. He was a Whig in politics, opposed to the despotism of the Stuarts, and an advocate of ecclesiastical comprehension. He welcomed the Revolution of 1688; and took part, in 1689, in the ecclesiastical commission for revising the Prayer Book. He showed moderation to nonjurors and non-conformists, though hearing their animosity, and exercised a liberal hospitality. T. Birch's edition of his works with his life appeared (3 vole., London, 1752; best ed., 12 vole., 1757).

BIBLIOGRAPHY: Besides the Life by Birch, ut sup. consult: G. Burnet, A Sermon . . . at the Funeral of John, Archbishop of Canterbury, London, 1694; N. Tate, An Elegy on . John . . . Archbishop of Canterbury, ib. 1695; L. Atterbury, A Vindication of Archbishop Tillotson's Sermons, ib. 1709; F. E., The Life of . . . John, Tillotson, lib. 1717; G. Whitefield, Three Letters from G. Whitefeld, ib. 1740; J. Hunt, Religious Thought in England, vole. ii.iii., ib. 1871-73; W. G. Humphry, in J. E. Kempe, The Classic Preachers of the English Church, 2 ser., ib. 1878; W. H. Hutton, The English Church . . . (i626-171¢), ib. 1903; DNB, Ivi. 392-398.

TIMANN, JOHANN (JOHANNES AMSTERDAriIUS TIDEMANN): Lutheran Reformer; b. at Amsterdam before 1500; d. at Nienburg (30 m. n.w. of Hanover) Feb. 17, 1557. In 1522 he came to Wittenberg and the next year, accompanied by Jakob Propst (q.v.), he went to Bremen, and on the recommendation of Heinrich von Zutphen (q.v.) was called as pastor to the Church of St. Martin. After the departure of Ziitphen, Nov., 1524, Timann and Propst led the Reformation in Bremen, and in 1525 German hymns and the administration of both elements of the Eucharist were introduced. With Johann Pelt, pastor of St. Ansgar, Timann was called to Emden in 1529 by Count Enno II. of East Friesland to counteract the influence of the Anabaptists. Having accomplished little, they returned to Bremen, 1529-30. On account of an uprising of the peasants in 1532, Timann and Propst removed for a month to Brinkum, after which they returned to their congregations. Timann had probably a prominent part, in the drafting of the church order which, after submission to Luther and J. P. Bugenhagen, was adopted by the council. He represented Bremen at the convention at Hamburg which took measures against the Anabaptists, and also at the conference at Sehmalkald, and at the Colloquy at Worms (1540-41), and he attended the Conference of Regensburg (q.v.) as ecclesiastical adviser of the councilors of Bremen. In the Hardenberg controversy on the Eucharist he wrote the pamphlet, Farrago sententiarum consentientium (Frankfort, 1555). For his part in that controversy see HARDENBERG, ALBuRT RIZAEUS. (CARL BERTHEAU.)

BIBLIOGRAPHY: Letters by Timann are in C. H. W. Sillem's Briefsammlung den Joachim Westphal, pp. 98, 172, 197, 239, Hamburg, 1903. Consult: Altes and Neues aue den Herzogthumern Bremen and Verden, iv (1771), 99-128; H. W. Rotermund. Lexikon alter Gelehrten, ii. 216 aqq., Bremen, 1818; ADB, xxxviii. 352 aqq.