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367 RELIGIOUS ENCYCLOPEDIA Theological seminaries '

located. The trustees have power to elect and remove the teachers as they see fit, and the board of instruction may, with the trustees, elect a president. During the first twenty-five years the senior professor acted as president, but in 1879, Dr. William X. Ninde was elected to that office and served until 1884, when he was elected bishop. In 1885, Dr. Henry B. Ridgaway was made president, and upon his death, in 1895, Dr. Charles J. Little, the present incumbent, succeeded him in office. There were in 1910 seven professors and one assistant professor. The property of the institute consists of a portion of the campus of the Northwestern University which is leased in perpetuity. Two buildings at present occupy this ground, Heck Hall, a dormitory capable of accommodating 100 students, and Memorial Hall, which contains the chapel, the lecture-rooms and studies of the professors, and the library annex. This annex is a fire-proof building, the gift of William Deering, and contains, besides the library, a museum of Christian archeology, given as a memorial of the late Prof. Charles W. Bennett. The library has over 27,000 volumes, including probably the most extensive and valuable collection of the literature of Methodism in the world. The productive endowment of the institute is not far from $750,000, and consisted at first of a large property, improved and unimproved, in the city of Chicago, given by the will of Mrs. Eliza Garrett, after whom the institute is named.

Garrett Biblical Institute stands for thorough in struction in all those studies which are usually taken in theological seminaries, and which are deemed necessary to an accomplished minister of the gospel, and the doctrines taught conform to the acknowl edged standards of the Methodist Episcopal Church. While urging the great importance of a thorough collegiate training as a condition of admission to its classes, this institute has never rejected any candidate for the Christian ministry who, upon examination and trial, evinced a sufficient prepara tory training to pursue one of its courses of study with a fair measure of success. The total number of graduates is over 1,000, and three times that num ber have for a time enjoyed the privileges of the school. For no considerable period has there ever been a noteworthy falling off in the numbers in at tendance. The registration for the last four years has been 173 in 1907, 199 in 1908, 221 in 1909, and 194 in 1910. These students have come from all parts of the United States, and not a few from for eign lands. They have gone forth to minister in nearly every state and territory of the Union, and more than ninety of the graduates have gone as missionaries to South America, Africa, India, the Philippine Islands, China, and Japan. Most of the graduates are still living and acting as pastors of churches, many of them occupying conspicuous pulpits with marked ability, while not a few have been chosen editors of religious journals, secre taries of benevolent organizations, professors and presidents of colleges, and bishops of the Methodist Episcopal Church. MILTON S. TERRY. BIHLIOGRAPAY: Memorial Volume of Semicentennial of Garrett Biblical Institute, 1906. 8. German: This seminary forms a department

of Central Wesleyan College, located at Warrenton, Warren Co., Mo., and founded by German Methodists in 1864, for the purpose of educating the youth of the land and of training young men for the ministry. In 1878, Dr. J. L. Kessler was appointed professor of theology; in 1884 two professors were elected; and since 1900 there has been a faculty of four, with Otto E. Kriege as president. In this year the theological department, reorganized as Central Wesleyan Theological Seminary, was recognized by the bishops of the Methodist Episcopal Church as an official seminary. In 1909 the German College at Mt. Pleasant, Ia., was united with Central Wesleyan College at Warrenton, Mo., and the theological department is now known as German Theological Seminary. There are two three-year diploma courses, a four-year classical-theological course, leading to the B.A. degree, and a three-year theological course, leading to the B.D. degree. The number of students is about forty. Of the 657 alumni of Central Wesleyan College, 197 entered the ministry, and 157 became teachers, while probably a hundred more, who did not graduate, are serving the church as ministers or missionaries. It has been the aim of the seminary to meet the new conditions of the German Methodist Episcopal Church by supplying well-equipped bilingual ministers, since many German churches to-day need men who can use the German language in the morning services and the English tongue equally well in the evening services. The two patron German conferences depend almost wholly upon the output of the German Theological Seminary for their new supply of ministers, and the supply does not equal the demand. A number of graduates have entered English conferences, and a few are serving with honor in other denominations. A board of trustees elected by two German conferences of the Methodist Episcopal Church governs both the college and the seminary. The endowment of the seminary is $50,000, and its library contains 2,000 volumes. OTTO E. KRIEGE.

6. Nast: Nast Theological Seminary is located at Berea, Cuyahoga Co., O., and is in reality apart of German Wallace College, since there is no special charter nor trustee-board for the seminary, the charter of the college including the seminary. The institution was founded in the year 1863, the names of the members of the first board of trustees and incorporators of the college and seminary being: Dr. W: Nast, Rev. W. Ahrens, F. Fischer, R. A. W. Bruehl, Rev. E. Wunderlich, P. Pinger, D. Mallow, J. Kraft, Rev. F. Schuler, J. Wettstein, W. Mack, J. C. Schupp, and Anton Hasenpflug. Among the earliest instructors were Dr. W. Nast, Rev. J. Rothweiler, P. W. Mosblech, Dr. Albert Nast, Miss Mary Hasenpfiug, Rev. A. Loebenstein, Rev. C. F. Morf, Dr. C. Riemenschneider, Rev. P. Wacker, Rev. J. O. $err,'Rev. C. F. Paulus, and Prof. Y. Wilker. The seminary was founded by, and is affiliated with, the German Methodist Church, and its purpose is the education of the sons and daughters of German Methodism, and the training of ministers for the German Methodist Church. The seminary is stiongly conservative in its theology, and aims to be very thorough in its methods and courses. A very large