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(q.v.; since 1874), H. G.Mitchell (q.v.; 1883-1906), M. D. Buell (q.v.; since 1884), M. J. Cramer (18851886), Daniel Steele (q.v.; as supply, 1886-89, 18921893), O. A. Curtis (1890-95), G. K. Morris (18941900), M. B. Chapman (1898-1905), J. M. Barker (since 1898), S. L. Beiler (since 1905), A. C. Knudson (since 1906), and G. C. Cell (since 1908). The school was the first in this country to employ upon its staff representatives of differing Christian confessions, so that, between 1870 and 1878, Presidents Woolsey (q.v.), of Yale; McCosh (q.v.), of Princeton; Hopkins (q.v.), of Williams; Robinson, of Brown; Harris (q.v.), of Bowdoin; and Anderson (q.v.), of Rochester; with other scholars of non-Methodist affiliations, gave courses of lectures in the institution. It was the first to have a permanent chair of comparative religion, and also the first to employ annually a lecturer to give a course on the history, theory, and practise of Christian missions. As early as in 18681869 it offered courses of lectures in five different languages-Latin, English, French, German, and Italian. It was the first to open to men and women alike the advantages of a full and free Biblical and theological education with promotion to the appropriate degrees after full qualification. Up to the year 1911 about 3,000 candidates for the ministry have been trained here. These graduates have served nineteen different denominations, and a large number have become foreign missionaries. In the enrolment of 1910 172 of the 217 students were college graduates, and the graduating class of 1909, believed to be the largest ever sent out by any American theological seminary, numbered fifty-eight, all but four of whom were college graduates. Six graduates have been elected bishops; twelve, presidents of universities or colleges; and at least half a hundred, professors in theological and collegiate institutions.

The present number of instructors is fourteen; of trustees, thirty-four, these governing the school as one department of the university; and of students 210, of whom seventeen are pursuing post-graduate courses. The present student body comes from twenty-seven states of the Union, and from the following countries: Armenia, Bulgaria, Canada, China, Germany, India, Italy, Japan, Syria, and Turkey. They represent fifty-nine colleges and universities, and four theological seminaries, and, as usual, several nationalities and religious denominations are reported. The endowments of the school are an undivided part of the general endowment of the university, the university having covenanted to support the seminary at the time it accepted it in 1871 as its earliest organized department. The library of the school, and the collection of the adjoining general theological library (the latter subsidized by the university and open to the students), include 40,000 volumes, while the Boston Public Library, located but a short distance away, gives access to nearly a million more.

WILLIAM ]FAIRFIELD WARREN.

BIBLIOGRAPHY: A. W. Cummings, Early Schools o/ Method ism, New York, 1888, pp. 369-379; W. F. Warren, " Historical Address," in ~irst Quarter-Centennial of Boston University, Boston, 1898, pp. 30-49. An illustrated his tory of the institution during its Concord period, by J. W. Merrill, is preserved in manuscript in the archives of the New England Methodist Historical Society, Boston.

S. Drew: This seminary, which is situated at Madison, Morris Co., N. J., was founded in 1866 by Daniel Drew, who gave $250,000 to purchase the Gibbons property, consisting of ninety-six acres and a fine old colonial mansion, and who proposed to give an equal amount for endowment, though financial reverses prevented the consummation of his plans. Under the presidency of Dr. John McClintock (q.v.), the seminary was opened in 1867, and under the care of his successors, Drs. Foster and Hurst (q.v.) passed successfully through the formative period, and also sustained the trial of the great financial panic in which the founder's private fortune disappeared. After the election of Drs. Foster and Hurst to the bishopric, Dr. Henry A. Buttz (q.v.) became president in 1880, continuing also to fill the chair of New-Testament exegesis. During his administration the productive endowment of the seminary has increased to $600,000, and buildings for library, administration, dormitories, and gymnasium have been erected to the same amount. The library contains 114,000 volumes, and more than 100,000 pamphlets. The seminary is under the control of the Methodist Episcopal Church, whose bishops constitute a board of supervision, and nominate its professors, who are elected by a board of trustees consisting of thirty-nine members, all of whom, both lay and clerical, must be members of the same church. The faculty consists of seven professors, who are assisted by two instructors and a librarian. The professors must be members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and are required to subscribe annually to its doctrines. The number of its students (1910) is 175, and it has over 1,300 graduates engaged in pastoral or mission work throughout the world. The seminary was fortunate in its early professors, who filled large roles in the Church, and made many contributions to its literature, among them being John McClintock, James Strong (q.v.), John Miley, and George R. Crooks (q.v.). Though closely attached to the Methodist Episcopal Church, the seminary has exercised much influence upon other denominations, and has always freely admitted to its student body members of any Evangelical church, being never without representatives of other Protestant bodies. ROBERT W. ROGERS.

4. Garrett Biblical Institute: ~ This institution is located at Evanston (a suburb of Chicago), Cook Co., Ill., and was incorporated by the general assembly of the state as a theological seminary of the Methodist Episcopal Church, the incorporators named in the charter being Orrington Lunt, John Evans, Philo Judson, Grant Goodrich, and Stephen P. Keyes. More than a year before the charter was obtained, a building was secured sufficient to accommodate forty students, and the school opened Jan., 1854, under charge of Rev. John Dempster, Rev. William Goodfellow, and Rev. William P. Wright. Four students were present at the beginning of the first term, but sixteen were enrolled before the close. In 1857, Rev. Daniel P. Kidder, Rev. Henry Bannister, and Rev. Francis D. Hemenway were added to the faculty. The control of the institute is with a board of six trustees, three laymen and three ministers, elected by the annual conference within the bounds of which the school is