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Tanner Tate THE NEW SCHAFF-HERZOG a part of the diocese of Utrecht and to unite it with the neighboring French bishopric of Terouanne. He preached to thousands, assuming considerable pomp and finding many adherents among women and the lower classes. At this time his chief center was Utrecht, but later he is found at Antwerp and Bruges, the authority for his activity in the former city being the Vita Norberti, xvi. (MGH, Script. xii., Hanover, 1856). In Antwerp the unworthiness of the only priest stationed there gave Tanchehn such following that neither prince nor bishop dared molest him. He was finally killed by a priest, but his adherents maintained themselves until the com ing of Norbert in 1124. (A. HAUCK.)
BIBLIOGRAPHY: U. Hahn, Geschichte der %etzer im Mittedalter, i. 459, Stuttgart, 1845; J. J. I. won Dollinger, Beitr&ge zur Seklengeschichte des Mittelalters, i. 104 sqq., Munich, 1890; P. Fredericq, Geschiedenia der Inquisitie in de Nederlanden, i. 20, Ghent, 1892; H. G. Lea, History of the Inquisition of the Middle Ages, i. 64-85, New York, 1906; Hauck, KD, iv. 88 sqq.
TANNER, BENJAMIN TUCKER: African Methodist Episcopal bishop; b. at Pittsburg, Pa., Dec. 25, 1835. He was educated at Avery College, AIleghany, Pa., and the Western Theological Seminary, though without graduating from the latter institution, and, after holding various pastorates in his denomination, was appointed, in 1867, editor of the Christian Recorder, its official organ. This position he held for sixteen years, after which he was editor of the African Methodist Quarterly Review (18841888) until he was chosen bishop in 1888, with special jurisdiction in Canada, Bermuda, and the West Indies. Since 1892 he has had charge of the First District, comprising New York, New Jersey, and eastern Pennsylvania, and in 1901 was a delegate to the third Ecumenical Methodist Conference at London. Among his publications may be mentioned his Apology for African Methodism (Philadelphia, 1867) and The Negro's Origin; and, Is the Negro Cursed Q (1869).
TAOISM. See CHINA, L, 2. TARGUM. See BIBLE VERSIONS, A, V.TARPELITES: A word occurring only in Ezra iv. 9, apparently as the name of one of the tribes settled by the Assyrians in Samaria (II Kings xvii. 24), but otherwise unknown. G. Hoffmann (ZA, ii. 54 sqq., 1887) sees in the word the Persian taraparda, " beyond the bridge," and takes it as qualifying the names " Rehum " and " Shimshai " in the sense of " (the provincials) across the Euphrates." Jensen (TLZ, 1895, p. 509) would translate it " couriers." See AYHARSACHITES.
TARSHISH. See COMMERCE, § 2; NAVIGATION, 3; OYHIR; and TABLE OF THE NATIONS.
TARSUS. See ASIA MINOR, IX.TARTAg: The name of a deity mentioned in II Kings xvii. 31 as belonging to the Avvites settled in Samaria by Sargon. For the general condition of the passage see SUCCOTH-BENOTH. An identification of this deity with any so far known is as yet most uncertain. No reliance can be placed upon the late rabbinical statement that this god had the form of an ass (Sanhedrin, 63a-b). P. Jensen (Die
Kosmologie der Babylonier, pp. 49 sqq., Strasburg, 1890) mentions Tartaku as a name for Antares and perhaps connected with the deity Ninib (see BAB YLONIA, VIL, 2, § 9), but this requires a change from k to k which is unlikely. Hardly more probable is the derivation from the name of the deity (A)tar gat(is), originally perhaps Derketo (cf. Schrader, KAT, p. 484, note 4); or from the name of a storm god Tarku (Baudissin, Hauck-Herzog, RE, xix. 381); and Cheyne's suggestion (EB, iv. 4903) that the word is a corruption of Jerah(meel) does not command support. The possibility exists that the name will sometime be found as that of a folk deity who did not obtain entrance into any official pan theon, except perhaps that of the city from which the Avvites were brought. What that city was is not known, and the ascertaining of this datum may be a condition precedent to a final explanation of the name. CEO. W. GILMORE.BIBLIOGRAPHY: Besides the commentaries on Kings, consult: J. Selden, De dis Syris, ii. 253, Amsterdam, 1680; F. Lenormant, La Magic chez les Chaldeeres, pp. 10, 110, Eng. transl., Chaldean Magic, London, 1877; P. Scholz, Gotzerulienst and Zauberwesen bei den alters Hebriiern, p. 400, Regensburg, 1877; Nagl, in ZKT, 1904, pp. 41222; DB, iv. 689; EB, iv. 4903; JE, xii. 66.
TASCHEREAU, ELZEAR ALEXANDRE: Roman Catholic cardinal; b. at Sainte-Marie-de-larBeauce, Quebec, Feb. 17, 1820; d. at Quebec Apr. 12, 1898. He was educated at the Seminary of Quebec and at Rome (D.C.L., 1856), and was ordained to the priesthood in 1842. He was then appointed professor of moral philosophy in the Seminary of Quebec, and held this position until 1854, displaying an attitude in marked contrast with ultramontanism. In 1856-59 he was director of the Petit Seminaire, and of the Grand S6minaire in 1859-60, being also a member of the Council of Public Instruction for Lower Canada. He was appointed superior of the Grand S6minaire and rector of Laval University in 1860, and two years later became vicar-general of the diocese of Quebec. Shortly after his return from the Vatican Council, he was chosen, on the death of Archbishop Baillargeon, one of the two administrators of the archdiocese, and in 1871 was raised to metropolitan rank. In 1886 he was created cardinal, being the first Canadian to receive that dignity, and in 1894 he retired from active life. He was the author of Discipline du
diocese de Quebec (2d ed., Quebec, 1895).TASCODRUGITES (PA%ILLONASONES) : The nickname of a heretical sect first mentioned in the fourth century by Epiphanius and Jerome. The designation occurs in widely variant forms, and is by Epiphanius (Hair, xlviii. 14) derived from the Phrygian taskos, " wooden nail or stake," and drungos, " nose "; whence the sect bore the Greek name Passalorhynchites and the Latin Paxillonasones.. The designation was bestowed on them because of a peculiarity in their worship, or because they prayed with one finger on the nose, or thrust a finger in their mouth for a sign of strictest silence, in reference to Ps. cxli. 3. Epiphanius obscurely connects them with the Montanists, Theodoret (Herreticorum fabularum compendium, i. 9-10) with
the Gnostics. Jerome (commentary on Galatians, book ii., preface) and Epiphanius place the sect in
