ZACCARIA, ANTONIO MARIA. See Barnabites.

ZACHARIAE, tsd"H5-rf'6, GOTTHILF TRAUGOTT: Pioneer in Biblical theology; born at Tauchardt in Thuringia Nov. 17, 1729; d. in Kiel Feb. 8, 1777. He studied at Königsberg and Halle (M.A., 1752); became adjunct in the philosophical faculty at Halle, 1753; rector of the Ratsschule in Stettin, 1755; professor of theology at the University of Butzow, 1760; and at Göttingen, 1765; and finally at Kiel, 1775. His significance comes entirely from his Biblische Theologie oder Untersuchung des biblischen Grundes der vornehmsten theologischen Lehren (4 parts, Göttingen, 1771-75). The stimulus to the work came from the tendency of the old Enlightenment to trace theology backward to the Bible in its correct meaning. Zacha,rhe had forerunners in the matter of furnishing a Biblical basis for theology, such as Btisching with his Epitome theologies a solis sacris literis coneinnatce (1757). But his aim was to prepare .the way for a better method of theological teaching by a thorough exegetical examination of the Biblical material out of which dogmatic theology is built. Yet Biblical theology was not for him an independent discipline; nor did he distinguish between different Biblical conceptions. His work dealt with the principal passages used as proofs. He was intent upon the historical sense, and cautioned against eisegesis, recognizing the temporal and local limitations of the parts of Scripture. His theological position was supernaturalistic in that he held firmly to revelation, miracles, original sin, the divine sonship of Christ, and the Trinity. These same characteristics appeared also in his Docerino Christian In spite of his conservatism, his piety was of a type which, like that of many supernaturalists of the period of the Enlightenment, was hardly distinguishable from that of the rationalists.