VAUDOIS. See Waldenses.
VAUGHAN, von, BERNARD: English Jesuit; b. at Courtfield, Herefordshire, Aug. 20, 1847. He was educated at Stonyhurst, and in 1868. entered the novitiate of the Society of Jesus, being ordained to the priesthood in 1876. After twenty years as rector of the Church of the Holy Name, Manchester, he went, in 1900, to London, where he has since been attached to the staff of the Church of the Immaculate Conception. He is widely known not only for his vigorous work in the East End slums of London, but also as a preacher who unflinchingly assails vice even among the most powerful classes of society. He was cathedral preacher at the Eucharistic Congress in Montreal in 1910, and among his many published sermons and addresses may be mentioned Ten Lectures in Free Trade Hall: Reply to the Bishop of Manchester on "Roman Claims" (Manchester, 1896); Sins of Society (London, 1906); So-
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VAUGHAN, CHARLES JOHN: Church of Eng land; b. at Leicester Aug. 6, 1816; d. at Llan daff (28 m. w. of Bristol) Oct. 15, 1897. He was educated at Rugby under Dr. Thomas Arnold (q.v.), where he was a classmate of Arthur Penrhyn Stanley (q.v.), and at Trinity College, Cambridge (B.A., 1838; fellow, 1839; M.A., 1841; D.D., 1845); was ordained in 1841, and became almost at once vicar of St. Martin's, Leicester; became head master at Harrow, 1844, into which school he infused new life and vigor, holding this position till 1859; after de clining the bishopric of Rochester in 1860, he became vicar of Doncaster. There he assumed, in addition to his pastoral labors, the task of fitting university graduates for the ministry, and this was the work which is regarded as most distinctive of the man. Over 450 students thus passed through his hands, receiving the impress of his deeply religious spirit. He became master of the Temple in 1869, and in 1879 also dean of Llandaff, dividing his time between the two offices. He was a leader in the foundation of University College at Cardiff (1883-84), being made president in 1894, when he resigned his mastership in the Temple. Vaughan was a voluminous writer, editor, and commentator of books of the New Testament, and sermonizer. He issued byway of texts and commen taries Romans (Greek text and notes, London, 1859, 5th ed., 1880); Philippians (1862; 4th ed., 1882); Revelation (2 vols., 1863; 5th ed., 1 vol., 1882); Philippians (1885); and Hebrews (1890); wrote Memorials of Harrow Sundays (1859; 5th ed., 1880); Notes for Lectures on Confirmation (1859; 9th ed., 1876); Epiphany, Lent, and Easter (sermons; 1860); Lessons of Life and Godliness (sermons; 1862); Words from the Gospels (1863); The Church of the First Days (3 vols., 1864-65); and The Young Life Equipping itself for God's Service (1872); besides a very considerable number of volumes of sermons not named above, and works of more general inter est, such as The School of Life (1885).
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