LUCAS OF TUY (TUDENSIS): Spanish bishop; b. at Leon (112 m. n. of Salamanca) is the latter part of the twelfth century; d. at Tuy (80 m: n. of Oporto) 1250. After officiating as a canon. in his native city, he went to Tuy as s deacon, and in 1227 made a pilgrimage to Palestine, visiting Gregory IX. and Elise of Cottons, the general of the Franciscans, in the course of his travels. In 1239 he was consecrated bishop of Tuy, where he spent the remainder of his life. Lucas was the compiler of an exhaustive chronicle of Spain, the first two books containing the history of Isidore with additions, and the last two that of Ildefoneus and Julian, together with a supplement of his own to 1238. He likewise wrote s refutation of the Albigenses and other heretics, consisting chiefly of excerpts from Gregory the Great and Isidore, but important for the history of sects in Spain and southern France. In this work he assailed those who denied the future life and he likewise rejected as heretical representations of God and the Trinity in human form, se well as crucifixes having both feet of Christ pierced with a single nail. It is uncertain whether the book on the miracles of St. Isidore which he mentions in the preface of his polemics is to .be identified with the Vita laidori edited by the Bollandiata (ASB, Apr., i. 330).
Bibliography: H. Florea, Eepafia saprada, vol. x:oi. 108 sqq., :acv. 383-384, Madrid, 1754 sqq.; J. A. Fabricius, Bibliotheca Latina mediæ et inflma ætatis, iii. 883, 8 vols., Hamburg, 1734-48; RL, viii. 192.
LUCIAN THE MARTYR: Presbyter of Antioch; b. probably at Samosata about the middle of the third century; d. at Nicomedia, Bithynia, 312. Of his life few details are known. He was educated at Edeesa, and he may have studied at Cæsarea as well. He finally nettled at Antioch, where he founded a school of exegesis. In the autumn of 311 MA=:msnua became sole emperor and immediately resumed his persecution of the Christians, although in the spring of the same year he had signed the edict of toleration promulgated by his colleague Galerius. Lucian, whose prominence rendered him especially odious to the emperor, was taken from Antioch to Nicomedia, where Masiminus himself was then residing. His profession of faith, though it made an impression on his hearers, was unavailing, and he suffered martyrdom early in the following year, the Church at Antioch celebrating the anniversary of his death on Jan. 7. His corpse was taken by the Christians to the city of Drepanum, which Constantine rebuilt in his honor, though he called it Helenopolia after his mother.
The scantiness of the data concerning Lucian receives, at least a partial explanation from his dootrinal views. Alexander of Alexandria expressly states that Lucian accepted the teachings of Ebioa, Artemas, sad especially his fellow townsman Paul of Samoeata, and consequently withdrew from the Church of Antioch during the bishoprics of Domnus, Timeeus, and Cyrillus. It is probable_ that Lucian left the Church when Paul was deposed about 288, and the two were evidently in sympathy in their Christological views, so that, when Paul died, Lucian became the head of the nationalistic Syrian ecclesiastical party as opposed to the Greco-Roman faction. On the other hand, the agreement between these two teachers was neither complete nor lasting, and Lucian's doctrine of the antemuadane creation of the Logos and its perfect incarnation in Jesus was s later development of his thought. His chief importance, however, lies in the feat that he was the real founder of Arianism, as was ad-
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Bibliography: DOB, iii. 748-749; NPNF, 2 eer., i. 380, ool. i., note 4; Jerome, De vir. ill., Ixxvii.
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