Lyons, Archbishopric of

LYON, DAVID GORDON: Baptist; b. at Benton, Ala., May 24, 1852. He was educated at Howard College, Marion, Ala. (A.B., 1875), Southern Baptist Theological Seminary, Louisville, By. (1876-79), and the University of Leipsic (Ph.D., 1882). Since 1882 he has been Hollis professor of divinity in Harvard University, and has also been curator of the Harvard Semitic Museum since its foundation in 1890. In 1906-07 he was director of the American School for Oriental Study and Research in Palestine. In theology he is a progressive conservative. Besides a number of briefer contributions, he has written Die Keilachrif ttezte Sargon'a, Königs von Asayrien (722-706 v. Chr.), reach den Originalert neu heratcagegeben, übersetzt and erklart (Leipsic, 1883) and An Assyrian Manual for the Use of Beginners in the Study of the-Assyrian Language (Chicago, 1886).

LYON, MARY: American educator; b. at Buckland, Maw., Feb. 28, 1797; d. at South Hadley, Mass., Mar. 5, 1849. She was educated at several academies, notably at Ashfield and Byfield, and later at Amherst College. She taught at the Adams Female Seminary at Londonderry, N. H. (1824-28), and at Miss Grant's school in Ipswich (1828-34). In 1834 she left teaching to raise funds for building a female academy, which was finally opined at South Hadley on Nov. 8, 1837. Of this school, called the Mount Holyoke Seminary (now College), she was principal until her death. Under her care the school was, as it still is, a nursery of missionaries and it still keeps its reputation for piety and efficiency.

Bibliography: E. Hitchcock, Power of Christian Benevolanes Illustrated in the Life and Labors of Mary Lyon, Northampton, 1851, new ed., New York, 1855; F. Fieke, Recollections of Mary Lyon, Boston, 1888; Mary Lyon, in Old South Leafiela, no. 145, ib. 1904.

LYONS, ARCHBISHOPRIC OF: An ancient metropolitan see in France. The town, which became a Roman colony in 43 B.c., acquired considerable importance under the Empire; in it Atlgustue spent three years; here Claudius was born; and when the town was rebuilt after a conflagration, Nero gave it precedence over all the other Roman towns of Gaul. Christianity was probably introduced within the first century. As at Marseilles, the earliest Christians were of Greek origin. The first bishop is supposed to have been Pothinus or Photinus, sent by Polycarp from Smyrna between 140 and 150. With many of his flock, he suffered martyrdom in 177, and was succeeded by Irenaeus (q.v.). A long line of devoted bishops followed. Lupus (d. c. 542) is usually reckoned as the first archbishop, with four auffragan sees, Autun, Langres, Macon, and Chfllons-to which in the middle

of the eighteenth century were added the newly founded sees of Dijon and Saint-Claude. After the Revolution Chblona and Macon were suppressed, and Grenoble was taken from the province of Vienna, which metropolitan see was then united with Lyons. After the surrounding territory became part of the Frankish kingdom in 532, the temporal sovereignty of Lyons was exercised by the archbishops, and this continued practically the case while it was nominally a part of the Empire, from 1032 to 1312. Philip the Fair erected a county of Lyons, but left it attached to the archiepiscopal see; the secular jurisdiction was not assumed by the king until 1583.

Bibliography: The occupants of the see are given in order in Gams, Series eTriacoporum, pp. bf19-572, supplement, p: 38. Consult: J. Perrier, Hist. des archeveaues de Lyon, Lone-le-saunier, 1887; Cartulaire des fiefs do Z'6pliaa de Lyon, i173-161, Lyons, 1893; J. B. Martin, OMtuaira de l'bpLiae primatiale de Lyon, ib. 1902; idem, Concika et bullaire du dioe2ae de Lyon, des oripirua h . . . 1312, ib. 190b; Martyrolope de la saints 9DZiae de Lyon, Paris, 1902.