LUXEMBURG: A grand duchy of Europe with a capital of the same name, bounded by the Rhine province of Prussia on the noetheaet and east, Lorraise on the south, France on the southwest, and Belgium on the west; its area is 998 square miles, and its population (1900) 238,543, of whom 29,549 are foreigners. Of the entire population 233,073 are Roman Catholics, 2,289 Protestants, and 1,201 Jews. The country was an apostolic vicariate 1840-70, and in 1870 was raised to a bishopric by Pins IX., though the vicar had been since 1883 bishop in partibus infidelium. In 1873 the episco pal office was duly ratified by legislative act and an episcopal living was established, controlling 13 deaneries, 255 parishes, 83 chaplaincies, and 82 vicarages. In 1845 a seminary for priests was es tablished. The Protestant population of the cap ital is due chiefly to the fact that Prussian troops were garrisoned there 18i5-68, some of whom re mained, there after the duchy became independent. Not until the former grand duke (d. 1908) came to the throne (1890) did the Protestant Church receive either recognition or support from the state. It was then furnished with a consistory, the control of affairs pertaining to administration and government being vested in six members of coneietory, whose head is the pastor. Vacancies are filled by cooptation.

W. Götz.

Bibliography: N. von Werveke, BeitMpt sur l3eaehiehte det Luxem6urper Landes, 3 parts. Luxemburg, 1888-87; F. Bonnardot, Let Archiroea de 1'itat do Luxemburg, ib. 1890; T. H. Pesamore, In Further Ardenne, Loon, 1908.

LUZ: The name of two cities. (1) The early Canaanitic name for Bethel (Gen. aaviii. 19, agav. 8; Josh. xviii. 13; but cf. Josh. zvi. 2). (2) A city founded, according to Judges i. 28, in "the land of the Hittites" by the survivors of the ancient city when it was taken by the Hebrews. The 1oration is unknown.

LYCAONIA, lic"a-8'nf-a: A region of Asia Minor mentioned in the Bible only in Acts aiv. in connection with the journeys of Paul. Normally bounded north by Galatia, east by Cappadocia, south by Cilicia, and west by Phrygia, its boundaries fluctuated greatly during the Roman period, its territories being in part included within those of the neighboring provinces. See Asia Minor In the Apostolic Time, VII.

Bibliography: w. M. Ramsay. Historical Geography of Asia Miner, passim, London. 1890; idem, The Church in the Roman Empire. pp. 48 sqq. et peesim, New York, 1893: idem, St. Paid the Traveller and the Roman Citisrn, pp. 110-111, ib. 1898.