LIUTPRAND, lUt'prand: Medieval Italian historian; d. about 970. He was of Lombard descent and was educated at the court of Pavia, where he attracted the attention of King Hugo, and later became the chancellor of King Berengar. In 949 he went to Constantinople on a mission for the king, but afterward became opposed to Berengar and went to the court of Otto I., who made him bishop of Cremona in 962. Six years later he made a second journey to Constantinople to gain the hand of a Greek princess for Otto II. His three works, none of which are complete, are as follows: Antapodosis, a history from 887 to 949, designed to requite the good and evil which he had experienced and directed especially against Berengar and Willa; Liber de rebus gestis Ottonis magni imperatoris, a history from 960 to 964; and Relatio de legatione Constantinopolitana, describing his second visit to the city. His style is attractive, but the subjectivity and unreliability of his writings render their historical value only secondary.

(A. Hauck.)

Bibliography: His works are collected in MGH, Script., iii (1839), 264-363, and in MPL, cxxxvi. 787-938. Consult: R. A. Köpke, De vita et scriptis Liudprandi, Berlin, 1842; C. Dändliker and J. J. Müller, Luidprand von Cremona und seine Quellen, Leipsic, 1871; F. Köhler, Beiträge zur Textkritik Liudprands von Cremona, in NA, viii (1883), 49-89; A. Zanelli, Una legazione a Costantinopoli nel secolo x., Brescia, 1883; Wattenbach, DGQ, i (1885), 347, 391-396, i (1893), 372, 423-428; L. von Ranke, Weltgeschichte, viii. 634-655, Leipsic, 1887; Potthast, Wegweiser, 742-744 (for further literature).

LIVERMORE, ABIEL ABBOT: American Unitarian; b. at Wilton, N. H., Oct. 30, 1811; d. there Nov. 28, 1892. He was graduated at Harvard College (1833) and at the Harvard Divinity School (1836). He was pastor at Keene, N. H. (1836-50), Cincinnati, O. (1850-56), and at Yonkers, N. Y. (1857-63), editing while he was in Yonkers The Christian Inquirer. He was president of the Meadville, Penn., Theological School (1863-89). He wrote: Commentaries on the Gospels (2 vols., Boston and New York, 1850), Acts (1844), and Romans (1854); Lectures to Young Men (Keene, 1846); and the Marriage Offering (Boston, 1848).

LIVING GOD, CHURCH OF THE: An organization founded in 1894 in Indianapolis, Ind., by John Vinson (q.v.) and his mother, Mary Jane Vinson, and by others in other places. It is Congregational in polity; has as officers elders and deacons, serving the local churches; and believes in annual associations of all local churches by delegates. It lays stress upon the fact that its ministry is composed of men and women called by the Holy Spirit; makes the Bible its creed and book of discipline; and its ordinances are baptism of converted believers by immersion, the Lord's Supper, washing of feet, and the kiss of salutation, and it regards as of special importance the visitation of the sick and needy. The church also deems of special importance the doctrine of sanctification. It holds that Adam and Eve were created holy in soul, spirit, and body, and were possessed of free will; that both were allured by Satan and being led by him they disobeyed God's command, after which Satan in spirit entered into, and depraved them wholly. The depravity to which they were thus subjected affected by heredity only the bodies of their descendants, but soul and spirit of all infants, being the creation and gift of God at conception (Eccl. xii. 7; Zech, xii. 1; Heb. xii. 9), are pure until by voluntary yielding to Satan's temptations they become defiled by their own first act of sin, after the fashion of Adam and Eve. To meet this doctrine of sin and depravity they regard the true doctrine of sanctification to be the following. The act itself is a "setting apart," a "separation," in which there are six steps: (1) Universal Salvation through the blood of Jesus Christ of all infants from conception until the time when they voluntarily sin (Rom. v. 18; Matt. xix. 14). (2) Regeneration--conversion, by faith and repentance through the blood of Jesus, whereby the indwelling Satan, installed by the commission of the first act of sin, is turned out, when Jesus Christ, the Holy Spirit and love enter the believer by faith in the risen Lord (Luke xi. 24-26; Eph. ii. 2, iv. 22-23; Col. iii. 9-10; John i. 13; Rom. v. 5). (3) Instantaneous cleansing of soul, spirit and body, of all depravity, thus resulting in perfect holiness (II Cor. vii. 1; Heb. vi. 1), by the blood of Jesus Christ and the believer's faith and consecration (Rom. xii. 1; Heb. xii. 14, etc.). (4) Baptism by the Holy Spirit resulting in the full manifestation of the fulness of the Holy Spirit and of the fire of love (Matt. iii. 11; Acts i. 5, 8, ii. 1-21). (5) Resurrection, affecting the body on the final judgment day, the body being changed, cleansed from its vileness into the likeness of Christ's glorious body (Dan. xii. 2; Rom. viii. 23; I Cor. xv. 52-55; Phil. iii. 21). (6) The healing of the physical body from all diseases by and through the blood of Jesus and by the prayer of faith, diseases being caused directly or indirectly

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by Satan and his demons (Isa. liii. 4-5, R. V. margin; Matt. viii. 17; James v. 14-15; Mark ix. 21-29; Luke xiii. 11-17).

Statistics are not at hand, but the church reports two congregations in Indianapolis, Ind., and many scattered adherents elsewhere.

John Vinson.