LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

---

Abbreviations in common use or self-evident are not included here. For additional information concerning the works listed, see vol. i., pp. viii.-xx., and the appropriate articles in the body of the work.

ADB	Allgemeine deutsche Biographie, Leipsic, 1875 sqq., vol. 53, 1907
Adv.	adversus, "against"
AJP	American Journal of Philology, Baltimore, 1880 sqq.
AJT	American Journal of Theology, Chicago, 1897 sqq.
AKR	Archiv für katholisches Kirchenrecht, Innsbruck, 1857-61, Mainz, 1872 sqq.
ALKG	Archiv für Litteratur- und Kirchengeschichte des Mittelalters, Freiburg, 1885 sqq.
Am.	American
AMA	Abhandlungen der Münchener Akademie, Munich, 1763 sqq.
ANF	Ante-Nicene Fathers, American edition by A. Cleveland Coxe, 8 vols., and index, Buffalo, 1887; vol. ix., ed. Allan Menzies, New York, 1897
Apoc.	Apocrypha, apocryphal
Apol.	Apologia, Apology
Arab.	Arabic
Aram.	Aramaic
art.	article
Art. Schmal.	Schmalkald Articles
ASB	Acta sanctorum, ed. J. Bolland and others, Antwerp, 1643 sqq.
ASM	Acta sanctorum ordinis S. Benedicti, ed. J. Mabillon, 9 vols., Paris, 1668-1701
Assyr.	Assyrian
A. T.	Altes Testament, "Old Testament"
Augs. Con.	Augsburg Confession
A. V.	Authorized Version (of the English Bible)
Baldwin, Dictionary	J. M. Baldwin, Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, 3 vols. in 4, New York, 1901-05
Bayle, Dictionary	The Dictionary Historical and Critical of Mr. Peter Bayle, 2d ed., 5 vols., London, 1734-38.
Benzinger, Archäologie	I. Benzinger, Hebrāische Archäologie, 2d ed., Freiburg, 1907
BFBS	British and Foreign Bible Society
Bingham, Origines	J. Bingham, Origines ecclesiasticæ, 10 vols., London, 1708-22; new ed., Oxford, 1855
Bouquet, Recueil	M. Bouquet, Recueil des historiens des Gaules et de la France, continued by various hands, 23 vols., Paris, 1738-76
Bower, Popes	Archibald Bower, History of the Popes . . . to 1758, continued by S. H. Cox, 3 vols., Philadelphia, 1845-47
BQR	Baptist Quarterly Review, Philadelphia, 1867 sqq.
BRG	See Jaffé
Cant.	Canticles, Song of Solomon
cap.	caput, "chapter"
Ceillier, Auteurs sacrés	R. Ceillier, Histoire des auteurs sacrés et ecclésiastiques, 16 vols. in 17, Paris, 1858-69
Chron.	Chronicon, "Chronicle"
I Chron.	I Chronicles
II Chron.	II Chronicles
CIG	Corpus inscriptionum Græcarum, Berlin, 1825 sqq.
CIL	Corpus inscriptionum Latinarum, Berlin, 1863 sqq.
CIS	Corpus inscriptionum Semiticarum, Paris, 1881 sqq.
cod.	codex
cod. D.	codex Bezæ
cod. Theod.	codex Theodosianus
Col.	Epistle to the Colossians
col., cols.	column, columns
Conf.	Confessiones, "Confessions"
I Cor.	First Epistle to the Corinthians
II Cor.	Second Epistle to the Corinthians
COT	See Schrader
CQR	The Church Quarterly Review, London, 1875 sqq.
CR	Corpus reformatorum, begun at Halle, 1834, vol. lxxxix., Berlin and Leipsic, 1905 sqq.
Creighton, Papacy	M. Creighton, A History of the Papacy from the Great Schism to the Sack of Rome, new ed., 6 vols., New York and London, 1897
CSCO	Corpus scriptorum Christianorum orientalium, ed J. B. Chabot, I. Guidi, and others, Paris and Leipsic, 1903 sqq.
CSEL	Corpus scriptorum ecclesiasticorum Latinorum, Vienna, 1867 sqq.
CSHB	Corpus scriptorum historiæ Byzantinæ, 49 vols., Bonn, 1828-78
Currier, Religious Orders	C. W. Currier, History of Religious Orders, New York, 1896
D.	Deuteronomist
DACL	F. Cabrol, Dictionnaíre d'archéologie chrétienne et de Iiturgie, Paris, 1903 sqq .
Dan.	Daniel
DB	J. Hastings, Dictionary of the Bible, 4 vols. and extra vol., Edinburgh and New York, 1898-1904
DCA	W. Smith and S. Cheetham, Dictionary of Christian Antiquities, 2 vols., London, 1875-80
DCB	W. Smith and H. Wace, Dictionary of Christian Biography, 4 vols., Boston, 1877-87
DCG	J. Hastings, J. A. Selbie, and J. C. Lambert, A Dictionary of Christ and the Gospels, 2 vols., Edinburgh and New York, 1906-1908.
Deut.	Deuteronomy
De vir. ill.	De viris illustribus
DGQ	See Wattenbach
DNB	L. Stephen and S. Lee, Dictionary of National Biography, 63 vols. and supplement 3 vols., London, 1885-1901
Driver, Introduction	S. R. Driver, Introduction to the Literature of the Old Testament, 10th ed., New York, 1910
E.	Elohist
EB	T. K. Cheyne and J. S. Black, Encyclopædia Biblica, 4 vols., London and New York, 1899-1903
Eccl.	Ecclesia, "Church"; ecclesiasticus, "ecclesiastical"
Eccles.	Ecclesiastes
Ecclus.	Ecclesiasticus
ed.	edition; edidit, "edited by"
Eph.	Epistle to the Ephesians
Epist.	Epistola, Epistolæ, "Epistle," "Epistles"
Ersch and Gruber, Encyklopädie	J. S. Ersch and J. G. Gruber, Allgemeine Encyklopädie der Wissenschaften und Kūnste, Leipsic, 1818 sqq.
E. V.	English versions (of the Bible)
Ex.	Exodus
Ezek.	Ezekiel
fasc.	fasciculus
Fr.	French
Friedrich, KD	J. Friedrich, Kirchengeshichte Deutschlands, 2 vols., Bamberg, 1867-69
Gal.	Epistle to the Galatians
Gams, Series episcoporum	P. B. Gams, Series episcoporum ecclesiæ Catholicæ, Regensburg, 1873, and supplement, 1886
Gee and Hardy, Documents	H. Gee and W. J. Hardy, Documents Illustrative of English Church History, London, 1896
Germ.	German
GGA	Göttingische Gelehrte Anzeigen, Göttingen, 1824 sqq.
Gibbon, Decline and Fall	E. Gibbon, History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, ed. J. B. Bury, 7 vols., London, 1896-1900
Gk.	Greek
Gross, Sources.	C. Gross, The Sources and Literature of English History . . . to 1485, London, 1900
Hab.	Habakkuk

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Haddon and Stubbs, Councils	A. W. Haddan and W. Stubbs, Councils and Ecclesiastical Documents Relating to Great Britain and Ireland, 3 vols., Oxford, 1869-78
Hær	Refers to patriatic works on heresies or heretics, Tertullian's De præscriptione, the Pros haireseis of Irenæus, the Panarion of Epiphanius, etc.
Hag.	Haggai
Harduin, Concilia	J. Harduin, Conciliorum collectio regia maxima, 12 vols., Paris, 1715
Harnack, Dogma	A. Harnack, History of Dogma . . . from the 3d German edition, 7 vols., Boston, 1895-1900
Harnack, Litteratur	A. Harnack, Geschichte der altchristlichen Litteratur bis Eusebius, 2 vols. in 3, Leipsic, 1893-1904
Hauck, KD	A. Hauck, Kirchengeschichte Deutschlands, vol. i., Leipsic, 1904; vol. ii., 1900; vol. iii., 1906; vol. iv., 1903
Hauck-Herzog, RE	Realenckylopädie für protestantische Theologie und Kirche, founded by J. J. Herzog, 3d ed. by A. Hauck, Leipsic, 1896-1909
Heb.	Epistle to the Hebrews
Hebr.	Hebrew
Hefele, Conciliengeschichte	C. J. von Hefele, Conciliengeschichte, continued by J. Hergenröther, vols. i.-vi., viii.-ix., Freiburg, 1883-93
Heimbucher, Orden und Kongregationen	M. Heimbucher, Die Orden und Kongregationen der katholischen Kirche, 2d ed. 3 vols., Paderborn, 1907
Helyot, Ordres monastiques	P. Helyot, Histoire des ordres monastiques, religieux et militaires, 8 vols., Paris, 1714-19; new ed., 1839-42
Henderson, Documents	E. F. Henderson, Select Historical Documents of the Middle Ages, London, 1892
Hist.	History, histoire, historia
Hist. eccl.	Historia ecclesiastica, eclesiæ "Church History"
Hom.	Homilia, homiliai, "homily, homilies"
Hos.	Hosea
Isa.	Isaiah
Ital.	Italian
J	Jahvist (Yahwist)
JA	Journal Asiatique, Paris, 1822 sqq.
Jacobus, Dictionary	A Standard Bible Dictionary, ed. M. W. Jacobus, . . . E. E. Nourse, . . . and A. C. Zenos, New York and London, 1909.
Jaffé, BRG	P. Jaffé, Bibliotheca rerum Germanicarum, 6 vols., Berlin, 1864-73
Jaffé, Regesta	P. Jaffé, Regesta pontificum Romanorum . . . ad annum 1198, Berlin, 1851; 2d ed., Leipsic, 1881-88
JAOS	Journal of the American Oriental Society, New Haven, 1849 sqq.
JBL	Journal of Biblical Literature and Exegesis, first appeared as Journal of the Society of Biblical Literature and Exegesis, Middletown, 1882-88, then Boston, 1890 sqq.
JE	The Jewish Encyclopedia, 12 vols., New York, 1901-06
JE	The combined narrative of the Jahvist (Yahwist) and Elohist
Jer.	Jeremiah
Josephus, Ant.	Flavius Josephus, "Antiquities of the Jews"
Josephus, Apion	Flavius Josephus, "Against Apion"
Josephus, Life	Life of Flavius Josephus
Josephus, War	Flavius Josephus, "The Jewish War"
Josh.	Joshua
JPT	Jahrbücher für protestantische Theologie, Leipsic, 1875 sqq.
JQR	The Jewish Quarterly Review, London, 1888 sqq.
JRAS	Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, London, 1834 sqq.
JTS	Journal of Theological Studies, London, 1899 sqq.
Julian, Hymnology	J. Julian, A Dictionary of Hymnology, revised edition, London, 1907
KAT	See Schrader
KB	See Schrader
KD	See Friedrich, Hauck, Rettberg
KL	Wetzer und Welte's Kirchenlexikon, 2d ed., by J. Hergenröther and F. Kaulen, 12 vols., Freiburg, 1882-1903
Krüger, History	G. Krüger, History of Early Christian Literature in the First Three Centuries, New York, 1897
Krumbacher, Geschichte	K. Krumbacher, Geschichte der byzantinischen Litteratur, 2d ed., Munich, 1897
Labbe, Concilia	P. Labbe, Sacrorum conciliorum nova et amplissima collectio, 31 vols., Florence and Venice, 1759-98
Lam.	Lamentations
Lanigan, Eccl. Hist.	J. Lanigan, Ecclesiastical History of Ireland to the 13th Century, 4 vols., Dublin, 1829
Lat.	Latin, Latinized
Leg.	Leges, Legum
Lev.	Leviticus
Lichtenberger, ESR	F. Lichtenberger, Encyclopédie des sciences religieuses, 13 vols., Paris, 1877-1882
Lorenz, DGQ	O. Lorenz, Deutschlands Geschichtsquellen im Mittelalter, 3d ed., Berlin, 1887
LXX	The Septuagint
I Macc.	I Maccabees
II Macc.	II Maccabees
Mai, Nova collectio	A. Mai, Scriptorum veterum nova collectio, 10 vols., Rome, 1825-38
Mal.	Malachi
Mann, Popes	R. C. Mann, Lives of the Popes in the Early Middle Ages, London, 1902 sqq.
Mansi, Concilia	G. D. Mansi, Sanctorum conciliorum collectio nova, 31 vols., Florence and Venice, 1728
Matt.	Matthew
MGH	Monumenta Germaniæ historica, ed. G. H. Pertz and others, Hanover and Berlin, 1826 sqq. The following abbreviations are used for the sections and subsections of this work: Ant., Antiquitates, "Antiquities"; Auct. ant., Auctores antiquissimi, "Oldest Writers"; Chron. min., Chronica minora, "Lesser Chronicles"; Dip, Diplomata, "Diplomas, Documents"; Epist., Epistolæ, "Letters"; Gest. pont. Rom., Gesta pontificum Romanorum, "Deeds of the Popes of Rome"; Leg., Leges, "Laws"; Lib. de lite, Libelli de lite inter regnum et sacerdotium sæculorum xi. et xii. conscripti, "Books concerning the Strife between the Civil and Ecclesiastical Authorities in the Eleventh and Twelfth Centuries"; Nec., Necrologia Germaniæ, "Necrology of Germany"; Poet. Lat. ævi Car., Poetæ Latini ævi Carolini, "Latin Poets of the Caroline Time"; Poet. Lat. med. ævi, Poetæ Latini medii ævi, "Latin Poets of the Middle Ages"; Script. Scriptores, "Writers"; Script. rer. Germ., Scriptores rerum Germanicarum, "Writers on German Subjects"; Script. rer. Langob., Scriptores rerum Langobardicarum et Italicarum, "Writers on Lombard and Italian Subjects"; Script. rer. Merov., Scriptores rerum Merovingicarum, "Writers on Merovingian Subjects"
Mic.	Micah
Milman, Latin Christianity	H. H. Milman, History of Latin Christianity, Including that of the Popes to . . . Nicholas V., 8 vols., London, 1860-61
Mirbt, Quellen	C. Mirbt, Quellen zur Geschichte des Papsttums und des römischen Katholicismus, Tübingen, 1901
MPG	J. P. Migne, Patrologiæ cursus completus, series Græca, 162 vols., Paris, 1857-66
MPL	J. P. Migne, Patrologiæ cursus completus, series Latinæ, 221 vols., Paris, 1844-64
MS., MSS	Manuscript, Manuscripts
Muratori, Scriptores	L. A. Muratori, Rerum Italicarum scriptores, 28 vols., 1723-51
NA	Neues Archiv der Gesellschaft für ältere deutsche Geschichtskunde, Hanover, 1876 sqq,
Nah.	Nahum
n.d.	no date of publication
Neander, Christian Church	A. Neander, General History of the Christian Religion and Church, 6 vols., and index, Boston, 1872-81
Neh.	Nehemiah
Niceron, Mémoires.	R. P. Niceron Mémoires pour servir à l'histoire des hommes illustrés . . . , 43 vols., Paris, 1729-45
Nielsen, Papacy.	F. K. Nielsen, History of the Papacy in the Nineteenth Century, 2 vols., New York, 1906
Nippold, Papacy.	F. Nippold, The Papacy in the Nineteenth Century, New York, 1900
NKZ	Neue kirchliche Zeitschrift, Leipsic, 1890 sqq.
Nowack, Archäologie	W. Nowack, Lehrbuch der hebräischen Archäologie, 2 vols., Freiburg, 1894
n.p.	no place of publication
NPNF	The Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, 1st series, 14 vols., New York, 1887-92; 2d series, 14 vols., New York, 1890-1900
N. T.	New Testament, Novum Testamentum, Nouveau Testament, Neues Testament
Num.	Numbers
Ob.	Obadiah

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O. S. B.	Ordo sancti Benedicti,"Order of St. Benedict"
O. T.	Old Testament
OTJC	See Smith
P	Priestly document
Pastor, Popes	L. Pastor, The History of the Popes from the Close of the Middle Ages, 8 vols., London, 1891-1908
PEA	Patres ecclesiæ Anglicanæ, ed. J. A. Giles, 34 vols., London, 1838-46
PEF	Palestine Exploration Fund
I Pet.	First Epistle of Peter
II Pet.	Second Epistle of Peter
Platina, Popes	B. Platina, Lives of the Popes from . . . Gregory VII. to . . . Paul II., 2 vols., London, n.d.
Pliny, Hist. nat.	Pliny, Historia naturalis
Potthast, Wegweiser	A. Potthast, Bibliotheca historica medii ævi. Wegweiser durch die Geschichtswerke, Berlin, 1896
Prov.	Proverbs
Ps.	Psalms
PSBA	Proceedings of the Society of Biblical Archeology, London, 1880 sqq.
q.v., qq.v.	quod (quæ) vide, "which see"
R	Redactor
Ranke, Popes	L. von Ranke. History of the Popes, 3 vols., London, 1906
RDM	Revue des deux mondes, Paris, 1831 sqq.
RE	See Hauck-Herzog
Reich, Documents	E. Reich, Select Documents Illustrating Mediæval and Modern History, London, 1905
REJ	Revue des études juives, Paris, 1880 sqq.
Rettberg, KD	F. W. Rettberg, Kirchengeschichte Deutschlands, 2 vols., Göttingen, 1846-48
Rev.	Book of Revelation
RHR	Revue de l'histoire des religions, Paris, 1880 sqq.
Richardson, Encyclopaedia	E. C. Richardson, Alphabetical Subject Index and Index Encyclopaedia to Periodical Articles on Religion, 1890-99, New York 1907.
Richter, Kirchenrecht	A. L. Richter, Lehrbuch des katholischen und evangelischen Kirchenrechts, 8th ed. by W. Kahl, Leipsic, 1886
Robinson, Researches, and Later Researches.	E. Robinson, Biblical Researches in Palestine, Boston 1841, and Later Biblical Researches in Palestine, 3d ed. of the whole, 3 vols., 1867
Robinson, European History.	J. H. Robinson, Readings in European History, 2 vols., Boston, 1904-06
Robinson and Beard, Modern Europe	J. H. Robinson, and C. A. Beard, Development of Modem Europe, 2 vols., Boston, 1907
Rom.	Epistle to the Romans
RSE	Revue des sciences ecclésiastiques, Arras, 1860-74, Amiens, 1875 sqq.
RTP	Revue de théologie et de philosophie, Lausanne, 1873
R. V.	Revised Version (of the English Bible)
sæc.	sæculum, "century"
I Sam.	I Samuel
II Sam.	II Samuel
SBA	Sitzungsberichte der Berliner Akademie, Berlin, 1882 sqq.
SBE	F. Max Müller and others, The Sacred Books of the East, Oxford, 1879 sqq., vol. xlviii., 1904
SBOT	Sacred Books of the Old Testament ("Rainbow Bible"), Leipsic, London, and Baltimore, 1894 sqq.
Schaff, Christian Church	P. Schaff, History of the Christian Church, vols. i.-iv., vi., vii., New York, 1882-92, vol. v., part 1, by D. S. Schaff, 1907
Schaff, Creeds	P. Schaff, The Creeds of Christendom, 3 vols., New York, 1877-84
Schrader, COT	E. Schrader, Cuneiform Inscriptions and the Old Testament, 2 vols., London, 1885-88
Schrader, KAT	E. Schrader, Die Keilinschriften und das Alte Testament, 2 vols., Berlin, 1902-03
Schrader, KB	E. Schrader, Keilinschriftliche Bibliothek, 6 vols., Berlin, 1889-1901
Schürer, Geschichte	E. Schürer, Geschichte des jüdischen Volkes im Zeitalter Jesu Christi, 4th ed., 3 vols., Leipsic, 1902 sqq.; Eng. transl., 5 vols., New York, 1891
Script.	Scriptores, "writers"
Scrivener, Introduction	F. H. A. Scrivener, Introduction to New Testament Criticism, 4th ed., London, 1894
Sent.	Sententiæ, "Sentences"
S. J.	Societas Jesu, "Society of Jesus"
SMA	Sitzungsberichte der Münchener Akademie, Munich, 1860 sqq.
Smith, Kinship	W. R. Smith, Kinship and Marriage in Early Arabia, London, 1903
Smith, OTJC	W. R. Smith, The Old Testament in the Jewish Church, London, 1892
Smith, Prophets	W. R. Smith, Prophets of Israel . . . to the Eighth Century, London, 1895
Smith, Rel. of Sem.	W. R. Smith, Religion of the Semites, London, 1894
S. P. C. K.	Society for the Promotion of Christian Knowledge
S. P. G.	Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts
sq., sqq.	and following
Strom.	Stromata, "Miscellanies"
s.v.	sub voce, or sub verbo
Swete, Introduction	H. B. Swete, Introduction to the Old Testament in Greek, London, 1900
Syr.	Syriac
TBS	Trinitarian Bible Society
Thatcher and McNeal, Source Book	O. J. Thatcher and E. H. McNeal, A Source Book for Mediæval History, New York, 1905
I Thess.	First Epistle to the Thessalonians
II Thess.	Second Epistle to the Thessalonians
ThT	Theologische Tijdschrift, Amsterdam and Leyden, 1867 sqq.
Tillemont, Mémoires	L. S. le Nain de Tillemont, Mémoires . . . ecclésiastiques des six premiers siècles, 16 vols., Paris, 1693-1712
I Tim.	First Epistle to Timothy
II Tim.	Second Epistle to Timothy
TJB	Theologischer Jahresbericht, Leipsic, 1882-1887, Freiburg, 1888, Brunswick, 1889-1897, Berlin, 1898 sqq.
Tob.	Tobit
TQ	Theologische Quartalschrift, Tübingen, 1819 sqq.
TS	J. A. Robinson, Texts and Studies, Cambridge, 1891 sqq.
TSBA	Transactions of the Society of Biblical Archæology, London, 1872 sqq.
TSK	Theologische Studien und Kritiken, Hamburg, 1826 sqq.
TU	Texte und Untersuchungen zur Geschichte der altchristlichen Litteratur, ed. O. von Gebhardt and A. Harnack, Leipsic, 1882 sqq.
TZT	Tübinger Zeitschrift für Theologie, Tübingen, 1838-40
Ugolini, Thesaurus	B. Ugolinus, Thesaurus antiquitatum sacrarum, 34 vols., Venice, 1744-69
V. T.	Vetus Testamentum, Vieux Testament, "Old Testament"
Wattenbach, DGQ	W. Wattenbach, Deutschlands Geschichtsquellen, 5th ed., 2 vols., Berlin, 1885; 6th ed. 1893-94; 7th ed., 1904 sqq.
Wellhausen, Heidentum	J. Wellhausen, Reste arabischen Heidentums, Berlin, 1887
Wellhausen, Prolegomena	J. Wellhausen, Prolegomena zur Geschichte lsraels, 6th ed., Berlin, 1905, Eng. transl., Edinburgh, 1885
ZA	Zeitschrift für Assyriologie, Leipsic, 1886-88, Berlin, 1889 sqq.
Zahn, Einleitung	T. Zahn, Einleitung in das Neue Testament, 3d ed., Leipsic, 1907; Eng. transl., Introduction to the New Testament, 3 vols. Edinburgh, 1909
Zahn, Kanon	T. Zahn, Geschichte des neutestamentlichen Kanons, 2 vols., Leipsic, 1888-92
ZATW	Zeitschrift für die alttestamentliche Wissenschaft, Giessen, 1881 sqq.
ZDAL	Zeitschrift für deutsches Alterthum und deutsche Literatur, Berlin, 1876 sqq.
ZDMG	Zeitschrift der deutschen morgenländischen Gesellschaft, Leipsic, 1847 sqq.
ZDP	Zeitschrift für deutsche Philologie, Halle, 1869 sqq.
ZDPV	Zeitschrift des deutschen Palästina-Vereins, Leipsic, 1878 sqq.
Zech.	Zechariah
Zeph.	Zephaniah
ZHT	Zeitschrift für die historische Theologie, published successively at Leipsic, Hamburg, and Gotha, 1832-75
ZKG	Zeitschrift für Kirchengeschichte, Gotha, 1876 sqq.
ZKR	Zeitschrift für Kirchenrecht, Berlin, Tübingen, Freiburg, 1861 sqq.
ZKT	Zeitschrift für katholische Theologie, Innsbruck, 1877 sqq.
ZKW	Zeitschrift für kirchliche Wissenschaft und kirchliches Leben, Leipsic, 1880-89
ZNTW	Zeitschrift für die neutestamentliche Wissenschaft, Giessen, 1900 sqq.
ZPK	Zeitschrift für Protestantismus und Kirche, Erlangen, 1838-76
ZWT	Zeitschrift für wissenschaftliche Theologie, Jena, 1858-60, Halle, 1861-67, Leipsic, 1868 sqq.

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