KIRK, EDWARD NORRIS: American Congregationalist; b. in New York Aug. 14, 1802; d. in Boston Mar. 27, 1874. He was graduated at the College of New Jersey (Princeton) in 1820 and at the Princeton Theological Seminary in 1825, and traveled in the southern States as agent of the American Board 1826-28. He was pastor of a Presbyterian church in Albany 1828-37, secretary of the Foreign Evangelical Society 1839-42, and pastor of the Mount Vernon Congregational Church in Boston 1842-71. During the years 1837-39 he traveled in Europe and preached for several months in Paris. He was a successful evangelist, one of the first members of the Evangelical Alliance, and a vigorous advocate of the evangelization of the Roman Catholic countries of Europe. His writings include: Memorial of Rev. John Chester (Albany, 1829); Sermons (New York, 1840); Lectures on Christ's Parables (1856); a second volume of Sermons (Boston, 1860); and Lectures on Revivals (ed. D. O. Mears, 1874).

BIBLIOGRAPHY: D. O. Mears, Life of Edward Norris Kirk, Boston, 1877.

KIRK, HARRIS ELLIOTT: Presbyterian; b. at Pulaski, Giles Co., Tenn., Oct. 12, 1872. He is a graduate of the academic and theological departments of the Southwestern University, Clarksville, Tenn.; was pastor of Cottage Presbyterian Church, Nashville, Tenn., 1897-99, of the First Presbyterian Church, Florence, Ala., 1899-1901, and of Franklin Street Presbyterian Church, Baltimore, 1901-09. In 1909 he was called to the chair of polemics in Princeton Theological Seminary. He is a "progressive conservative believing in the adaptation of the essential views of the conservative theology to

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modern conditions in a sympathetic and constructive way." He has written a number of essays, and The Lost Book (Richmond, 1905).

KIRKLAND, JOHN THORNTON: American Congregationalist, son of Samuel Kirkland (q.v.); b. at Herkimer, N. Y., Aug. 17, 1770; d. in Boston Apr. 26, 1840. He studied at Phillips Academy (Andover), and at Harvard College (B.A., 1789), where, while preparing for the ministry, he was tutor in logic and metaphysics 1792-94. He was pastor of the New South Church, Boston, 1794-1810, and president of Harvard College 1810-28. Under his vigorous administration three new buildings were erected and the course of study was greatly extended. He published several sermons, and a Life of Fisher Ames, printed in Ames' Works (Boston, 1809).

BIBLIOGRAPHY: A. E. Dunning, Congregationalists in America, pp. 293, 296, New York, 1894; National Cyclopædia of American Biography, vi. 417, ib. 1896.