KAMMIN, kam'min, BISHOPRIC OF: A bishopric named from the town of Kammin (Cammin) in Pomerania, near the Baltic (38 m. n.n.e. of Stettin). Among the companions of Otto of Bamberg (q.v.) in his missionary work in Pomerania was a priest named Adalbert, who, when Otto's plan for the erection of a bishopric at Julin, the present Wollin, was carried out, became its first bishop. At Adalbert's request, Innocent II. took it in 1140 under papal protection, and assigned to its jurisdiction, besides the town of Wollin, ten other castra. Nothing was said about its inclusion in any ecclesiastical province, though in 1160 the imperial pope, Victor IV., placed it under Magdeburg. A little later Wollin was destroyed in the war between the Danes and Saxons, and the see was consequently transferred to Kammin in 1175, apparently once more as an exempt bishopric. This status it managed to retain, except between 1216 and 1244, when it was again subject to Magdeburg. Three attempts were made in the fourteenth century to assert over it the metropolitan rights of Gnesen but the Curia decided against them in 1371. The Reformation found the diocese in a state which facilitated its introduction. Its spread began from the Premonstratensian monastery of Belbuck, of which Bugenhagen was an inmate. The Dukes Bogislas X. and George were hostile to it; Barnim, however, forwarded it, and after the death of the last Roman Catholic Bishop Erasmus von Manteufel (1544) a Protestant was appointed in his place, and the estates of the bishopric and the monasteries secularized.

BIBLIOGRAPHY: K. F. W. Hasselbach, J. G. L. Kosegarten and F. von Medem, Codex diplomaticus Pomeraniae, vol. i., Greifswald, 1843; L. Giesebrecht, Wendische Geschichten, 3 vols., Berlin, 1843; Pommersches Urkundenbuch, ed. R. Klempin and R. Prümers, 3 vols., Stettin, 1868-91.

KAMPHAUSEN, kamp-hau'zen, ADOLF HERMANN HEINRICH: German Protestant; b. at Solingen (18 m. n.n.e. of Cologne) Sept. 10, 1829; d. at Bonn Aug. 13, 1909. He studied at the University of Bonn (Ph.D.s 1855), where he was privat-docent for a few months before he went to Heidelberg as private secretary of C. K. J. Bunsen. Still in the service of Bunsen, he was privat-docent at the University of Heidelberg from 1856 to 1859, when he returned with his employer to Bonn; there he was associate professor of Old-Testament exegesis 1863-68, full professor 1868-1901. From 1871 to 1890 he was a member of the committee for the revision of Luther's translation of the Old Testament. He regarded Christ as the bodily son of Joseph and Mary, and held that the Resurrection was an objective or real vision. He contributed the translation of the Books of Kings, Proverbs, and II Maccabees to E. F. Kautzsch's Heilige Schrift des Alten Testaments (Freiburg, 1894), and wrote independently among other works Die Hagiographen des Alten Bundes nach den überlieferten Grundtexten übersetzt und mit erklärenden Anmerkungen versehen (Leipsie, 1868); Die Chronologie der hebräischen Könige (Bonn, 1883); Das Buch Daniel und die neuere Geschichtsforschung (Leipsic, 1892); Book of Daniel in The Polychrome Bible (New York, 1896); and Das Verhältnis des Menschenopfers zur israelitischen Religion (Bonn, 1896).