HASTINGS, THOMAS SAMUEL: Presbyterian; b. at Utica, N. Y., Aug. 28, 1827. He was educated at Hamilton College (B.A., 1848) and Union Theological Seminary (1851). He then held pastorates at Mendham, N. J. (1852-56), and West Presbyterian Church, New York City (1856-81). From 1881 to 1904 he was professor of sacred rhetoric in Union Theological Seminary, of which he had already been a trustee since 1864, and president from 1888 to 1897. In 1904 he became emeritus professor, but continued to lecture on pastoral theology. He collaborated with his father, Thomas Hastings, in the preparation of Church Melodies: Psalms and Hymns, with Music for Congregations (New York, 1858).

HATCH, ABRAM: Mormon bishop; b. at Lincoln, Vt., Jan. 3, 1830. He was educated in the public schools of Lincoln and Bristol, but while still a boy went to Nauvoo, Ill., where the entire family embraced Mormonism. He studied Mormon theology at Utah with Brigham Young, and from 1864 to 1867 was in Great Britain, working in the interests of Mormonism. Shortly after his return to the United States he was appointed bishop, with his residence at Heber City, Utah, and held this office until his resignation in 1900. He was for four years a probate judge, and for twenty-three years a member of the Utah Legislature. Since 1900 he has been engaged in farming and in business.

HATCH, EDWIN: English theologian; b. at Derby Sept. 4, 1835; d. at Oxford Nov. 10, 1889. He was graduated at Pembroke College, Oxford, in 1857, was classical professor in Trinity College, Toronto, Canada, rector of a high school at Quebec, and fellow of McGill University, Montreal, during the years 1859-66. From 1881 to 1885 he was vice-principal of St. Mary's Hall, Oxford, and in 1883 became rector of Purleigh, Essex, though he continued to reside at Oxford. In 1884 he was appointed secretary of the boards of the faculties; for some years before his death he was the editor of the University Gazette; and in 1881 he published the official Students' Handbook to the University and Colleges of Oxford. In 1880 the university appointed him Greenfield lecturer on the Septuagint,

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in which capacity he delivered one lecture each term for about four years. In 1883 the delegates of the Common University Fund founded for him a lec tureship in church history, which he held up to the time of his death. He delivered the Bampton lec tures in 1880, and the Hibbert lectures in 1888. His first book was published in London in 1881, as the outcome of the Bampton lectures of 1880, on The Organization of the Early Christian Churches (Germ. transl. by A. Harnack, Giessen, 1883). Hatch pursued the same topic in The Growth of Church Institutions (London, 1887; Germ. transl. by A. Harnack, Giessen, 1888). The year 1889 brought his Essays in Biblical Greek, published at Oxford, which dealt especially with the Septuagint. The Hibbert lectures above referred to were published by A. M. Fairbairn after Hatch's death under the title The Influence of Greek Ideas and Usages upon the Christian Church (London, 1890; Germ. transl. by A. Harnack, Freiburg, 1892). His widow and his brother published also a volume of poems, Towards Fields of Light. Sacred Poems (London, 1889); a volume of sermons, The God of Hope (1890); and Memorials of Edwin Hatch (1890). He did a great deal of work on the Hatch-Redpath Concordance to the Septuagint (Oxford, 1891-97). Hatch was a man of encyclopedic knowledge and of unbounded mental activity. He had plans enough to fill a dozen lives. Many a young man at Oxford felt this as a fetter. Plan after plan for work offered by others was set aside because Hatch said that he had made collections or done preparatory work and the thing would soon be ready to pub lish though many of these things never reached the light. As a Churchman Hatch was rather broad, and his publications touching the early church were not at all to the mind of High-churchmen. It was, indeed, his liberal views that prevented him from advancing more rapidly in. the univer sity.

Caspar Rene Gregory.

Bibliography: Edwin Hatch, Memorials, edited by his Brother (S. C. Hatch), London, 1900; Biographical No tices, also edited by his brother, are prefixed to the volume of Sermons, Overcoming the World, New York, 1891; DNB, xxv. 149-150.