BROADUS, JOHN ALBERT: American Baptist;
b. in Culpeper County, Va., Jan. 24, 1827; d. in
Louisville, Ky., Mar. 16, 1895. He was graduated
at the University of Virginia 1850, and
was assistant professor of Latin and Greek there,
1851-53, chaplain to the University 1855-57, pastor
of the Baptist church in the place until, in
1859, on its organization, he became professor
of the interpretation of the New Testament and
of homiletics in the Southern Baptist Theological
Seminary, then in Greenville, S. C. In 1877 the
seminary was removed to Louisville, and in 1888
he became its president. He attained high rank
as teacher, preacher, and scholar, and published
two notable volumes in the field of homiletics,
The Preparation and Delivery of Sermons (Philadelphia,
1870; 25th ed., by E. C. Dargan, New
York, 1905) and Lectures on the History of Preaching
(New York, 1876); also Sermons and Addresses
(1886; 6th ed., 1905); a commentary on Matthew
(Philadelphia, 1887); Jesus of Nazareth (New
York, 1890); Harmony of the Gospels according to
the Revised Version (1893); Memoir of James
Petigru Boyce (1893). He also prepared a commentary
on Mark (Philadelphia, 1905), and edited
and revised the Oxford translation of Chrysostom's
homilies on Philippians, Colossians, and Thessalonians,
with an essay on St. Chrysostom as a
homilist, in vol. xiii. of Philip Schaff's Nicene and
Post Nicene Fathers (New York, 1889).
BIBLIOGRAPHY:
A. T. Robertson, Life and Letters of John
Albert Broadus, Philadelphia, 1901.
BROCHMAND, brek'mānd, JESPER RASMUSSEN: Bishop of Zealand; b. at Köge (20 m. s.w.
of Copenhagen), Zealand, Aug. 5, 1585; d. at
Copenhagen Apr. 19, 1652. He studied at Herlufsholm,
Copenhagen, Leyden, and Franeker; became
rector of Herlufsholm academy 1608; professor
pædagogicus, University of Copenhagen, 1610; professor
of Greek 1613; member of the theological
faculty 1615. In 1617 he was appointed teacher
to Prince Christian, son of King Christian IV.,
but returned to the university three years later.
At this time Denmark was disturbed by Roman
Catholic propaganda, and Brochmand made the
controversy with Rome a subject of his public
lectures. In 1626-28 he published
Controversiœ
sacrœ (3 parts), a reply to Bellarmine's attacks
on the Lutheran Church, and in 1634, at the king's
order, he engaged in a polemic with the Jesuits,
who endeavored to defend the conversion of Margrave
Christian William of Brandenburg to Catholicism.
In their final reply the Jesuits stigmatized
Brochmand as a "disturber of the Roman
empire, the boldest despiser of His Imperial Majesty
and the Catholic rulers, a poisonous spider, and
a degenerate Absalom." Against this pamphlet
Brochmand delivered a series of lectures which
after his death were collected and published under
the title
Apologiœ, speculi veritatis confutatio (Copenhagen, 1653). He was ordained bishop of Zealand
in 1639, and during his long and fruitful activity
in this office reorganized the Danish church service,
especially by abolishing the Latin choir, and
by introducing Wednesday services during Lent.
His reputation as a dogmatist was established by
his
Universœ theologiœ systema (2 vols., 1633) in
which he proved himself a bitter opponent, not
only of the Roman Catholics, but also of the Reformed,
whom he calls "enemies of God and of
truth." He wrote several devotional works, of
which his
Sabbati sanctificatio for more than two
centuries was a favorite collection of sermons
with the Danish people.
(F. NIELSEN†.)
