BRULLY, br�"y�' (BRUSLY), PIERRE (Petrus Brulius): The successor of Calvin in Strasburg; b. at Mersilhaut (Mercy-le-Haut, about 2 m. s.e. of Metz) c. 1518; burned at the stake at Tournai (14 m. e. of Lille), Flanders, Feb. 19, 1545. Educated for the Church, he became lector in the Dominican convent at Metz and was expelled in 1540 or 1541 for sympathizing with the Reformation. In July, 1541, he was in Strasburg and intimate with Calvin, in whose house he lived, and when Calvin was recalled to Geneva (1541) succeeded him in the pastorate. In September, 1544, he undertook a missionary journey to Flanders on the invitation of persons in Tournai who wished instruction in the Reformed faith; preached there and in neighboring cities with earnestness and success, but necessarily in secret, as to preach Protestant doctrine was forbidden. He was arrested at Tournai in November, condemned, and executed, notwithstanding efforts made to save him from Strasburg and by the Protestant princes of Germany.

BIBLIOGRAPHY: C. Paillard, Le Proc�s de Pierre Brully, Paris, 1878; R. Reuss, Pierre Brully, Strasburg, 1879.

BRUNETI�RE, br�"ne-tyār', MARIE FERDINAND: French Roman Catholic critic; b. at Toulon (42 m. e.s.e. of Marseilles) July 19, 1849; d. in Paris Dec. 9, 1906. Educated at Marseilles and at the Lyc�e Louis le Grand, Paris, he became secretary of the editorial board of the Revue des deux mondes in 1875 and editor in 1893. He was appointed professor of the French language and literature at the �cole Normale Sup�rieure, Paris, and in 1893 became a lecturer at the Sorbonne. He delivered a course of lectures in the United States in 1897. In 1887 he was made a chevalier of the Legion of Honor, and in 1893 was admitted to the French Academy, while in 1895 he was appointed a commander of the Order of Pius IX. His theological attitude was noteworthy in that, like Copp�e, Huysmans, and other distinguished literary men of France, he became convinced of the truth of the teachings of the Roman Catholic Church, abandoning the agnosticism which be had formerly professed. His writings, which mark a new epoch in French criticism, include �tudes critiques sur l'histoire de la litt�rature fran�aise (7 vols., Paris, 1880-1903); Histoire et litt�rature (3 vols., 1884-86); Questions de critique (2 vols., 1889-90); �volution des genres dans l'histoire de la litt�rature (1890); Nouvelles questions de critique (1890); Les �poques du th��tre fran�ais 1636-1850 (1892); Essais sur la litt�rature contemporaine (2 vols., 1892-95); L'�volution de la po�sie lyrique en France au dixneuvi�me si�cle (2 vols., 1894); �ducation et instruction (1895); La Moralit� de la doctrine �volutive (1896); La Renaissance de l'id�alisme (1896); Le Roman naturaliste (1896); Manuel de l'histoire de la litt�rature fran�aise (1897; Eng. transl., New York, 1898); and Discours acad�miques (1901); Les motifs d'esp�rer (1902); Cinq lettres sur Ernest Renan (1903); Les difficult�s de croire (1904); and Sur les chemins de la croyance (1904).