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V. Evangelical Association.-1. Naperville: The Evangelical Theological Seminary is located at Nar perville, Du Page Co., Ill., and was founded in 1873 as the " Union Biblical Institute," a name which it retained until 1909, when its name was changed to " The Evangelical Theological Seminary." The institution was established by several Western conferences of the Evangelical Association, Illinois taking the lead, other conferences gradually joining, until their number now is thirteen. The first principal of the seminary was Bishop J. J. Esher (18761879), and the senior professor, S. L. Umbach, has occupied the chair of historical and practical theology since 1878. Two courses of study are offered in the seminary: a diploma course and a degree course, the latter emphasizing the study of the Bible in the original, presupposing a college course with at least three years of preparatory Greek, and leading to the degree of B.D. In 1910 a graduate school was established under the direction of the seminary faculty. The courses offered in this schooj may be taken in non-residence, and on completion the degree of S.T.D. is conferred. Women desiring a theological training for Christian work of any kind o!' for the foreign mission field are admitted to the seminary on the same terms as men. The institution holds that theology is a growing science, and that the sources of knowledge are nature, human consciousness, and the Bible; and it maintains that, although the Bible is the ultimate authority, there is need of all the light of nature and of human reason to interpret it properly.

In 1910 the seminary had three regular professors: S. J. Gamertsfelder (principal and professor of exegetical and systematic theology), S. L. Umbach (historical and practical theology), and C. B. Bowman (apologetics and Biblical instruction); and in addition to their instruction, prominent men from this and other denominations are secured as lecturers on various subjects before the students. The institution is controlled by thirteen trustees, one from each of the annual conferences interested in the seminary, together with one member of the board of bishops of the denomination. The latter, appointed by his board, holds office for four years, the others, elected by the members of their respective conferelces, for three. The number of students in 1910 was

twenty-five, five of whom were graduated at the close of the seminary year. S. J. GAMERTSFELDER.

VI. Jewish.-1. Hebrew Union College: This institution was founded by Isaac Mayer Wise, rabbi of Congregation Bene Jeshurun, at Cincinnati, O., in 1875, after several unsuccessful attempts at creating theological schools for the Jewish communities in America had been made in Philadelphia and New York, and also in Cincinnati. Finally, convinced that only through a union of congregations could a college be permanently established which would meet the demands of progressive American Israel for American-bred rabbis imbued with the spirit o£ American life and liberty, Dr. Wise agitated for the formation of such a union. In 1873 the Union of American Hebrew Congregations was organized with the view of establishing an institution for the training of ministers for the Jewish pulpit and for the promotion of Jewish learning, and on Oct. 3, 1875, the Hebrew Union College was opened with an enrolment of seventeen students who formed the first preparatory class. After four years the collegiate department was opened with Dr. Moses Mielziner of New York as professor of Talmud; in 1881 a permanent home for the college was acquired ana dedicated; . and in 1883 the first four rabbis were graduated and ordained. Dr. Wise, the first president, remained in office until his death on Mar. 26, 1900, when Dr. Mielziner, the senior member of the faculty, was appointed to take his place. After the tatter's death, and for some time during his illness, Dr. Gotthard Deutsch became the acting president. On Feb. 26, 1903, Dr. Kaufmann Kohler (q.v.) of New York was elected president with the express understanding that " the Hebrew Union College shall forever continue to be the exponent of American Reform Judaism as taught and expounded by its immortal founder, Isaac M. Wise, and his illustrious coworkers," and on Oct. 18, 1903, he was inducted into office.

The institution is administered by a Board of Governors consisting of twenty-four members (ten of whom are residents of Cincinnati), appointed by the executive board of the Union of American Hebrew Congregations. The college is composed of two departments, the preparatory, which extends over a course of four years, into which highschool students are admitted; and the collegiate, which extends over a course of five years, info which only university students or graduates are admitted. Graduates from the preparatory department receive the degree of bachelor of Hebrew literature, while the rabbinical diploma is conferred upon the graduates from the collegiate department, though only after they have been graduated from the University of Cincinnati or some other university of recognized standing. The postgraduate course leads to the degree of D.D., which is also conferred honoris causes on theologians of distinction. The subjects taught are Hebrew and Aramaic; Bible exegesiswithHebrewcommentators; Midrash and Targum; Mishnah and Talmud with some of the medieval codes; apocryphal, apocalyptic, and Hellenistic literature; Jewish philosophy, chiefly of the middle ages; Jewish liturgy; history