STRAUSS, straus, DAVID FRIEDRICH: German radical theologian; b. at Ludwigsburg (9 m. n. of Stuttgart) Jan. 27, 1808; d. there Feb. 8, 1874.

Early Life.

Strauss was the son of a merchant. He attended the Latin school in his native town and in 1821 entered the seminary at Blaubeuren, whence he passed in 1825 to the University of Tübingen, where he was a faithful and industrious student. His former teacher, Ferdinand Christian Baur (q.v.), formerly at Blaubeuren, but now at Tübingen, relieved what Strauss deemed the dulness of the university courses. During his student days Strauss was much taken with the teachings of Schleiermacher, Schelling, and Hegel, and graduated with high rank, having obtained a good theological and philosophical foundation.

Strauss acted as vicar for a while at a village near Ludwigsburg, and then journeyed to Berlin, 1831-1832, in order to study the Hegelian philosophy at its source. He also heard Schleiermacher, but was rather repelled by his lecture style. He read the manuscript of Schleiermacher's lectures on the life of Jesus, and resolved on returning to Tübingen, where he received an appointment as repetent, with the privilege of lecturing at the university, of which he took advantage, giving courses on Hegel's logic, the history of modern philosophy, and Plato. He aroused great enthusiasm for the Hegelian philosophy among the students, and thought of entering the philosophical faculty, but, meeting with some opposition from the university authorities, he returned to his theological studies. His Leben Jesu (2 vols., Tübingen, 1835-36; Eng. transl., 3 vols.,

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145 RELIGIOUS ENCYCLOPEDIA Sun and Bun Worship Sunday 270-277; P. Jensen, %osmologie der Babylonier, pp . 108 111, Strasburg, 1890; M. Jastrow, Religion of Babylonia and Assyria, Boston, 1898; W. H. Ward, in AJT, ii (1898), 115-118; idem, Seal Cylinders of Western Asia ., Washington, 1910; S. I. Curtiss, Primitive Semitic Religion To-day, New York, 1902; R. Dussaud, Notes de m ytholopie syrienne, 2 parts, Paris, 1903-05; L. Frobenius, Las Zeit alter des S onnengottes, vol. i., Berlin, 1904; G. V. Schia parelli, Astronomy in the O. T., Oxford, 1906; Vollers, in Archiv fur Religionsunssenschaft, ix (1906), 176-184; A. T. Clay, Amurru, the Home of the Northern Semites, Philadelphia, 1910; J. Galstang, Land of the Hittites, New York, 1910; DB, iv. 627-629; EB, iv. 4821-22; JE, xi. 588-597. For the Indo-Aryans and Eastern Asiatics consult: R. T. Griffith, Hymns of the Rigveda, 4 vols., Benares,1889 1892; H. Bbttger, Sonnencvlt der Indogermanen . . . ins besondere der I ndoteutonen, Breslau, 1890; W. E. Grifs, Religions of Japan, Boston, 1895; E. W. Hopkins, Re ligions of