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Shekinah THE NEW SCHAFF-HERZOG 390 Sherlock jesting, pride, and things of no account. On the other hand, it abides with the sick and with those happily wedded. The shekinah, which is symbolized by the lighting of the perpetual lamp, is regarded as possessed of wings, so that "Moses was, from his birth, under the wings of the shekinah." This would apparently imply a figure somewhat like that of the cherubim and genii, and a face and radiance are also ascribed to the shekinah. Later Midrashic literature makes the shekinah an independent entity standing between God and the world, so that the shekinah can even be said to "go to the presence of God," a view frequently ex pressed in Cabalistic literature, as well as by Mai monides and his school. The view of Maimonides, however, that the shekinah, like the "glory" and the "word," was a fiery created being which com municates the divine activity to the world, was combated by Nahmanides. Among the pseudo Messiahs of the Jews, Shabbethai Zebi declared him self to be the incarnate shekinah. In the New Testament the shekinah is not mentioned, although Christ may be identified with it in Matt. xviii. 20. (AUGUST WtYNSCHE.) BIBLIOGRAPHY: A. F. Gfr6rer, Oeschichte des Urchriden thums, i. 272-352, Stuttgart, 1838; J. Langen, Juden thum in Paldstina zur Zeit Christi, pp. 201 aqq., Freiburg, 1888; S. Maybaum, Anthropomorphien and Anthropopa thien, Breslau, 1870; C. C. W. F. Bahr, SUmbolik des mosaischen Cuttue, i. 471 sqq., Heidelberg, 1874; F. Weber, Jitdische Theologie, Leipsic, 1897; G. Dahnan, Die Worte Jesu, vol. i., Leipsie, 1898; W. Bousset, Re ligion des Judenthume im neutestamentlichen Zeitalter, pp. 309 sqq., 340, Berlin, 1903; A. B. Davidson, Old 7'eesta ment Prophecy, pp. 148, 220, Edinburgh, 1903; DD. iv. 487-489; JE, xi. 258-280. SHELDON, CHARLES MONROE: Congrega tionalist; b. at W ellsville, N. Y., Feb. 26, 1857. He was graduated from Brown University (A.B., 1883) and Andover Theological Seminary (1886). He was pastor of the Congregational Church at Waterbury, Vt. (1886-89); and since 1889 has been pastor of the Central Congregational Church, Topeka, Kan. He states that practically his whole theological position centers about the attempt to put into practise the creed of Christ. He has written Richard Bruce: or, The Life that now is (Boston, 1892); Robert Hardy's Seven Days (1893); The Twentieth Door (1893); The Crucifixion of Philip Strong (Chicago, 1894); John King's Question Class (1894); His Brother's Keeper: or Christian Stewardship (Bos ton, 1895); In His Steps (Chicago, 1896); Malcolm Kirk (1897); Lend a Hand (1899); The Redemption of Freetown (1898); The Miracle at Markham (1898); One of the Two (1898); For Christ and the Church (1899); Edward Blake (1899); Born to Serve (1900); The Reformer (1902); The Heart of the World (1905); and Paul Douglas, Journalist (1909). SHELDON, GILBERT: Church of England arch bishop of Canterbury; b. at Ashbourn (13 m. n.w. of Derby) July 19, 1598; d. at Lambeth Nov. 9, 1677; He studied at Trinity College, Oxford (B.A., 1617; M.A., 1620; fellow of All Souls', 1622; B.D., 1628 D.D., 1634) ; was ordained in 1622, almost immedi ately becoming domestic chaplain to Thomas, Lord Coventry; was made prebendary of Gloucester, 1632; vicar of Hackney, 1633; rector of Oddington,

Oxford, and of Ickford, Buckingham, 1636; rector of Newington, Oxford, 1639, having been meanwhile warden of All Souls' College since 1626, of which he was in 1634 and 1640 pro-vicechancellor. He was a strong anti-Puritan, and was ejected from his wardenship by the Parliamentary visitors in 169.8, being imprisoned for resisting the attempt to take his lodgings, but recovered the office in 1659. During the exile of Charles lI., Sheldon was constant in his efforts in favor of Charles, and on the Restoration was naturally in high favor. In 1660 he was made bishop of London, and the Savoy Conference (q.v.) was held at his lodging; in 1663 he became archbishop of Canterbury. Although he was elected chancellor of Oxford University in 1667, he was not installed, and resigned 1669. He built and endowed the Sheldonian theater at Oxford. His career as bishop was one of great fidelity to duty. Most marked were his benefactions, both to the poor and in behalf of public interests, as in the case of his subscription to the rebuilding of St. Paul's after the fire of London. His total benefactions were said to have exceeded £72,000-an enormous sum for those times. He was devoted to the antiquities of the university, and in particular was a patron of the historian of Oxford, Anthony A6 Wood. The only published work left by him is a sermon before the king June 20, 1660, though a considerable body of manuscripts is extant.

Br8LI00SAPRY: A. a Wood, Athena Oxonienses, ed. P. Bliss, vol. iv., London, 1820; M. Burrows, Worthies of All Souls', London, 1874; G. C. Brodrick, Memorials of Merton College, Oxford, 1885; W. H. Hutton, The English Church (18.26-1714), pp. 197-198 et passim, London, 1903; A. Plummer, English Church History (1848--170.2). pp. 64, 70-71, Edinburgh, 1907; DNB, Iii. 24-26.

SHELDON, HENRY CLAY: Methodist Episcopalian; b. at Martinsburg, N. Y., Mar. 12, 1845. He was graduated from Yale (A.B., 1867), and the Theological .School of Boston University (1871). After studying at Leipsic in 1874-75, he was professor of historical theology in Boston University until 1895, when he was transferred to his present position of professor of systematic theology. In theology he inclines toward evangelical Arminianism, as opposed both to strict Calvinism and to liberalism. He has written History of Christian Doctrine (2 vols., New York, 1886); History of the Christian Church (5 vols., 1894) ; System of Christian Doctrine (1903); Unbelief in the Nineteenth Century (1907); Sacerdotalism in the Nineteenth Century (1909); and New Testament Theology (1911).

SHEM, SHEMITES. See TABLE OF THE NATIONS.

SHEMAIAH, sbe-m6'ya or shem"a-ni'd: A name of frequent occurrence in the Old Testament. The most important men who bore it were:

1. A prophet of the time of Rehoboam (I Kings xii. 21-24), who forbade that king to enter upon a war with the ten tribes who had established the northern kingdom. The passage belongs to a late stratum of the Books of Kings, and the parallel (II Chron. xi.-xii.) adds midrasbic material concerning Shemaiah in which the prophet regards the attack of Shishak as a consequence of the sins of Judah. To this prophet is attributed a history of the reign of Rehoboam (I1 Chron. xii. 15), -upon