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28 RELIGIOUS ENCYCLOPEDIA Reynolds 8iooi the duchy of Lfineburg, especially after the monas teries had been reformed by his untiring activity. The city of Hanover owes to him the renovation of its religious life after the victory of the Reformation, for in 1536 he drew up for it the church order which is still in force. He was also active in the reforma tion of the cities of Minden, Soest, and Lemgo, and he strenuously opposed the Anabaptists who found warm sympathizers throughout northern Germany. As the adviser of Duke Ernest, Rhegius was an im portant factor in securing the acceptance of the Formula of Concord. His last public appearance was at the conference of Hagenau in 1540. Among his writings special mention may be made of the following: De dignitale saeerdotum (Augsburg, 1519); Underricht, Wie sin Christenmenech Got aeinem her ren teglich beichten aoR (1521); Wider den newen irrsal Doctors Andres von Carlstadt des Sacraments halb warnung (n.p., 1524); Von leybeygenacha$t oder Knecheheyt (n.p., 1525); Warnung under den neuen Tauforden (1527); and Formulae caute loquendi (Wittenberg, 1535; Germ. ed., 1536, Celle, 1880). The works of Rhegius, both Latin and German, were almost completely edited by his son, E. Rhe gius (2 vols., Nuremberg, 1561-62). [Rhegius also wrote the following works which were translated into English: Novo doctrinte ad veterem collatio (Augsburg, 1526 [?]), transl. by W. Turner, A Comparison betwene the Olde learnynge and the Newe (Southwark, 1557); Ain Summa christlicher leer (Augsburg, 1527), trans]. by W. Lynne, A declaration of the twelve articles of the christen faythe (London, 1548); and Doctrina cer ti8sima (Frankfort, 1545), transl. by J. Fox, Art inatrueeyon of Christen fayth (London, 1550 [?]); as well as sermons on Matt. ix. 16-26 (transl. by W. Lynne, London, 1548), Luke xxiv. (transl. by W. Hilton, London, 1578), and Matt. xviii. 10 (transl. by R. Robinson, London, 1590), and an exposition of Ps. lxxxvii. (transl. by R. Robinson, London, 1594).] (PAUL T$CHAcxERT.) BIBLIOGRAPHY: H. C. Heimburger, Urbanua Rhepius, Gotha, 1851; O. Uhlhorn, Urbanus Rhepius, Leben and auspe wahlte Schriften, Elberfeld, 1882; O. Seitz, Die theolopische Entwiekelung des Urbanus Rhegiua, Gotha, 1898; and literature under LUTHER, MARTIN; and ZWINOLJ, HULD REICH. RHEIMS NEW TESTAMENT. See BIBLE VER SIONS, B, IV., § 5. RHODES. See ASIA MINOR, V. RHODES, KNIGHTS OF. See JOHN, SAINT, ORDER OF HOSPITALERS OF. RHODON, r5'don: Greek author of the second century. The sole source of information concerning him is Eusebius (Hint. eccl., V., xiii.), who states that he was born in Asia and educated at Rome by Tatian, so that he would seem to have been con verted between 165 and 172. Rhodon, however, never broke with the Church. According to Euse bius, he was the author of a work against Marcion, and the citations preserved by Eusebius are impor tant for a knowledge of Apelles and his doctrine, as well as other Marcionists. Eusebius likewise states that Rhodon wrote a commentary on the hexaem eron, and that he designed a polemic against an
otherwise unknown work of Tatian entitled " Problems," in which all difficult passages of the Bible had been collected. Whether Rhodon ever wrote this refutation and explained the problems thus posited is unknown. At Rome Rhodon held a disputation with Apelles, and as the latter died about 180, while Rhodon wrote his anti-Marcionistic treatise during the lifetime of Apelles, the composition of the work must have been between 170 and 180. It has been suggested, though without foundation, that Rhodon was the author of the Canon of Muratori (q.v.; Harnack, Litteratur, i. 599) and of the anti-Montanistic treatise excerpted by Epiphanius (Hilt. ecel., xlviii. 2-13; H. G. Voigt, Eine verachollene Urkunde des antimontanistischen Kampfea, pp. 224 sqq., Leipsic, 1891).
BIBLIOGRAPHY: The fragments are collected, with notes, in M. J. Routh, Reliquia sacra, i. 435-446, Oxford, 1846; MPG, v. 1331-38; Eng. tranel. in ANF, viii. 788. Consult: A. Oallandi, Bibliothemveterum patrum, ii., pp. xvii., 144-145, Venice, 1765; P. Caepari, Ungedruckte . .
Quellen zur Geschichte des TauJsymbola, iii. 315, 340-341, 384-365, Christiania, 1871; A. Hilgenfeld, Die Kdzerge. schichte des Urchristenthume, 532-533, Leipsie, 1884; Bardenhewer, Patrolopie, pp. 105, 110-111, Eng. tranal., St. Louie, 1908; idem, Geschichte, i. 490-491; Kroger, History, pp. 143-144; Hamack, Litteratur, i. 599, ii. 1, pp. 313-314; DCB, iv. 545.
RICCI, CATHERINE DE. See CATHERINE DE Ricci.
RICCI, rit'chi, LORENZO: General of the Jesuits; b. at Florence Aug. 2, 1703; d. at Rome Nov. 24, 1775. He entered the order of the Jesuits in 1718, and became its general in 1758. He was of an amiable yet inflexible disposition, and was unalterably attached to the tenet of obedience. To all propositions to change the constitution of the order, emanating either from the pope or from the Roman Catholic princes, he answered " Sint ut aunt, aut non sint." (" Let them [the Jesuits] be as they are or let them cease to exist "). The consequence was that the pope dissolved the order by the bull Dominus ac redemptor noster, July 21, 1773. Ricci protested emphatically against the action and was confined in the castle of St. Angelo for the rest of his life.
BIBLIOGRAPHY: J. J. 1. von DSllinger, Beitrage zur politiwhen, kirchlichen, and Culturpeschichte, iii. 1-74, Vienna, 1882; A Circumstantial Account of the Death of Abbk Laurence Ricci. To which is annexed a Copy of the Protestation which he left at his Death, London, 1778; A. Carayon, Documents inkdits concernant la compapnie de J6sus, vol. xvii., Paris, 1869; L. A. de Caraccioli, Vita dell' Abati Lorenzo Ricci, n.p., n.d.; Ranks, Popes, ii. 448447; KL, x. 1170-72.
RICCI, MATTED: Roman Catholic missionary and astronomer; b. at Macerata (120 m. e.s.e. of Florence), Italy, Oct. 6, 1553; d. at Peking, China, May 11, 1610. He first studied law, but, going to Rome in 1571, entered the Society of Jesus and gave especial attention to the study of astronomy; he was sent to India as a missionary in 1577, and there completed his theological studies and was made priest; thence he was called to Macao, where he gained the favor of the viceroy of the province of I-wantung both by his personal characteristics and by his acquaintance with the Chinese language. Under the new viceroy he was compelled to leave