RANDOLPH, ran'delf, BERKELEY WILLIAM: Church of England; b. at Riverhead (20 m. s.e. of London), Kent, Mar. 10, 1858. He was educated at Haileybury and Balliol College, Oxford (B.A., 1879), and was ordered deacon in 1881 and priested in the following year. He was fellow of St. Augustine's College, Canterbury (1880-83), and principal of St. Stephen's House, Oxford (1884-85); and domestic chaplain to the bishop of Lincoln until 1890. He was then vice-principal of Ely Theological College for a year, and since 1891 has been principal of the same institution, as well as canon of Ely and examining chaplain to the bishop of Lincoln. Theologically he describes himself as a "Prayer Book Churchman," and has written The Law of Sinai, being devotional Addresses on the Ten Commandments (London, 1896); The Threshold of the Sanctuary, being short Chapters on Preparation for Holy Orders (1897); Meditations on the Old Testament for every Day of the Year (1899); The Psalms of David, with brief Notes for Use in Church or at Home (1900); The Example of the Passion (1901); Meditations on the New Testament for every Day of the Year (1902); The Virgin Birth of Our Lord (1903); Ember Thoughts (1903); The Empty Tomb (1906); Christ in the 'Old Testament (1907); Holy Eucharist-Sacrifice and Feast (1908); and Precious Blood of Christ (1909); and editions of J. Keble's Letters of Spiritual Counsel and Guidance (London, 1904), W. Laud's Private Devotions (1905), and Fenelon's Letters and Counsels (1906).

RANKE, ran'ke, ERNST KONSTANTIN: German Lutheran; b. at Wiehe (27 m. w.s.w. of Merseburg), Saxony, Sept. 10, 1814; d. at Marburg July 30, 1888. He was educated at the universities of Leipsic (1834-35), Berlin (1835-36), and Bonn (1836-37), and after being a private tutor for three years was called to the pastorate of Buchan in Upper Franconia, where he began to collect materials for his studies on the ancient pericopes of the Roman Catholic Church and the Latin translations of the Bible prior to Jerome. In 1850 he was called to Marburg as professor of church history and NewTestament exegesis, holding this position until his death. Ranke was an exceptionally gifted paleographist, his most important contribution here being his Codex Fuldensis Novi Testamenti Latine (Marburg, 1868), in which he showed that this manuscript, next to the Codex Amiatinus, was the chief witness for the New Testament of Jerome. He likewise rendered valuable service by his two editions of the oldest Marburg hymnal-Marburger Gesangbuch von 1549 mit verwandten Liederdrucken (Marburg, 1866, 1878). He was, at the same time, an admirable Latin poet, his models being the humanists, especially Konrad Celtes and Hugo Grotius, and his best work being shown in his Horæ lyricæ (Vienna, 1873) and Rhythmica (1881). He also made a metrical translation of Tobit (Baireuth, 1847) and of selected poems of Paulus Melissus (Zurich, 1875), while his independent poems included his Lieder aus grosser Zeit (Marburg, 1872) and Die Schlacht am Teutoburger Walde (1876). Besides the works of Ranks already noted, mention may be made of the following: Das kirchliche Perikopensystem aus den ältesten Urkunden der römisehen Liturgie dargelegt and erläutert (Berlin, 1847); Fragmenta versionis Latinæ Antehieronymianæ prophetarum, etc., a codice Fuldensi (4 parts, Marburg, 1856-68); Par palimpsestorum Wirceburgensium, antiquissimæ Veteris Testamenti versionis Latinæ fragmenta (Vienna, 1871); Cuecensia evangelii Lucani fragmenta Latina (Marburg, 1872); Chorgesdnge zum Preis der heiligen Elisabeth aus mittelalterlichen Antiphonarjen (Leipsic, 1883); and

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Antiquiseimæ Veteria Testamenti versionis Latinæ fragmenta Stutgardiana (Marburg, 1888).

(G. HEINRICI.)

BIBLIOGRAPHY: E. Hitzig, Ernst Constantin Ranks . . .Lebensbild, Leipsic, 1906; Chronik der Universitat Marburg, 1888-89, pp. 8-14; F. H. Ranks, Jugenderinnerungen, Stuttgart, 1886; G. Heinrici, Worte der Erinnerung . . . von E. K. Ranke, Marburg, 1888.