POCOCK (POCOCKE), EDWARD: Orientalist; b. at Oxford Nov. 8, 1604; d. there Sept. 10, 1691. He was educated at Oxford (B.A., 1622; M.A., 1626; B.D., 1636); elected fellow of Corpus Christi College, 1628; became chaplain to the English factory at Aleppo, 1630-36 (during which time he made a collection of Greek and oriental manuscripts and coins on commission of Archbishop Laud); professor of Arabic at Oxford, 1636-40; was in Constantinople to seek for manuscripts, 1637-40; rector of Childrey, Berkshire, 1642-47; professor of Hebrew and canon of Christ Church, 1647-48; lost the canonry and the two lectureships in 1650; though in the same year the lectureships were restored to him,and in 1660 the canonry; and in spite of opposition from Roundheads, and the indifference of Cavaliers, he retained these positions till his death. He was one of the foremost orientalists in his day. His works are numerous and valuable. His Theological Works were published with a Life by the editor, Leonard Twells (2 vols., London, 1740). They embrace Porter Mosis (a Latin translation of Maimonidea' six discourses prefatory to his commentary upon the Mishna, 1655), Commentaries on Hoses (1685), Joel (1691), Micah and Malachi (1677), and a Latin treatise upon ancient weights and measures. The commentaries formed part of Fall's projected commentary upon the entire Old Testament. They are heavy and prolix, but learned. Pocock took a prominent part in Walton's Polyglot, furnished the collations of the Arabic Pentateuch, and was consulted by Walton at every step (see BIBLES, POLYGLOT, IV.). He translated Grotius' De veritate Christianæ religionis (1660) and the Church of England Liturgy and Catechism into Arabic (1674). His chief work was his edition of Gregorii Abel Farajii historia dynastiarum, Arabic text with Latin translation (2 vols., Oxford, 1663).

BIBLIOGRAPHY: Besides the Life in the Theological Works, ut sup., reprinted in The Lives of Dr. Edward Pocock ....Dr. Zachary Pearce, etc., ed. L. Twells, 2 vols., London, 1818, consult: The Remains of John Locke, viz., 1. Memoirs of the Life of Dr. E. Pococke, London, 1714; DNB, xlvi. 7-12.

PODEBRAD (PODIEBRAD) AND KUNSTATT, GEORGE OF: King of Bohemia (1458-71); b. at Podebrad (30 m. e. of Prague) Apr. 23, 1420; d. at Prague Mar. 22, 1471. From 1444 he had been the leader of the utraquist party (see HUSS, JOHN, HUSSITES, II, §§ 3, 7). On the death of Ladislas he was elected king of Bohemia by the diet, and his reign marks the decisive period in the religious history of Bohemia. The Huasites had been in a manner reconciled to the Church by the compacts made with the Council of Basel (1433; see HUSS, JOHN; HUSSITES, II, § 6). The papacy neither accepted nor disavowed the compacts, and hoped to bring back Bohemia to Roman Catholicism. Podebrad wished to unite Bohemia and organize it into a great power; but this was impossible so long as it was rent by religious discord and, through want of papal recognition, was isolated from European politics. He accordingly tried to accomplish his purpose by skilful diplomacy with the popes, Calixtus III. and Pius II. At last Pius II. was alarmed at his increasing influence in Germany, and in 1462 disclaimed the compacts, and demanded Podebrad's unconditional obedience. At first Podebrad temporized, and, when he proposed to the various courts of Europe the summoning of a parliament of temporal princes, Pius II. excommunicated him in 1496. His successor, Paul IL, authorized the formation of a league of discontented nobles, and called Mathias Corvinus, king of Hungary, to the aid of the Church; but Podebrad was not conquered, and, after his death, the Bohemian crown was given by the diet to Ladislas II.

BIBLIOGRAHPY: Creighton, Papacy, vol. iii. passim: Pastor, Popes, iv. 134-148; M. Jordan, Das Königthum George von Podiebrad, Leipsic, 1881; F. Palacky, Geschichte von Böhmen, vol. iv.. Prague, 1857; idem, Urkundliche Beiträge im Zeitalter George von Podiebrad, Vienna, 1880; E. H. Gillett, Life and Times of John Huss, ii. 550-551, 562-563, New York, 1870; E. J. Whately, The Gospel in Bohemia. London, 1877; H. Ermiseh, Geschichte der sächsisch-böhmiachen Beziehungen 1464-71, Dresden, 1881; F. Luetaow, Bohemia, London, 1898; C. E. Maurice, Bohernia, London and New York, 1898; Monumenta Vaticana res gestas Bohemias illustrantia, Prague, 1903: H. Apianus. Geschichte Böhmena, Leipsic, 1905; E. Schwitzky, Der europäische Fürstenbund George von Podiebrad, Marburg, 1907; Hefele, Conciliengeschichte, vol. viii. passim; and the literature under PIUS II.