IVERACH, iv'er-ah, JAMES: United Free Presbyterian Church, Scotland; b. in Caithness June 1, 1839. He was educated at the University of Edinburgh (1859-63) and New College, Edinburgh (1863-67), and was ordained to the ministry in 1869. He held pastorates at West Calder, Edinburgh (1869-74), and Ferryhill, Aberdeen (1874-1887); was professor of apologetics and dogmatics in United Free Church College, Aberdeen (1887-1907), and principal (1905-07); and has been professor of New-Testament language and literature (since 1907). He has written Life of Moses (London, 1881); Is God Knowable? (1884); St. Paul, his Life and Times (1890); Christianity and Evolution (1894); The Truth of Christianity (1895); Theism, in the Light of Present Science and Philosophy (1900); Descartes, Spinoza, and the New Philosophy (1904); and Other Side of Greatness, and Other Sermons (1906).

IVES, aivz, LEVI SILLIMAN: Roman Catholic; b. at Meriden, Conn., Sept. 16, 1797; d. in New York Oct. 13, 1867. He served for about a year in the War of 1812 and subsequently studied at Hamilton College. He was originally a Presbyterian, but joined the Protestant Episcopal Church in 1819. After taking orders in 1822, he held charges at Batavia, N. Y., Philadelphia, and Lancaster, Pa., and in New York, till 1831, when he became bishop of North Carolina. He displayed great zeal and ability in the religious education of the slaves, but his Tractarian views brought him into serious difficulties. While in Rome in 1852 he formally submitted to the pope and became a Roman Catholic. The following October he was solemnly deposed from his episcopal office. On his return to New York he became professor of rhetoric in St. Joseph's Seminary, Yonkers, N. Y., also lecturer on English literature and rhetoric in the Convent of the Sacred Heart. He was prominent in the charitable work of the Roman Catholic Church. He published New Manual of Private Devotions (New York, 1831); The Apostles' Doctrine and Fellowship: Five Sermons (1844); On the Obedience of Faith (1849); and The Trials of a Mind in its Progress to Catholicism (Boston, 1853, London, 1854).

BIBLIOGRAPHY: W. S. Perry, The Episcopate in America, p. 57, New York, 1895.

IVIMEY, JOSEPH: English Baptist historian; b. at Ringwood (17 m. w.s.w. of Southampton) May 22, 1773; d. in London Feb. 8, 1834. In early life he followed his father's trade, that of a tailor, at Lymington and Portsea; became a church-member in 1790, an itinerant minister in 1794, assistant minister at Wallingford, Berkshire, in 1803; and pastor of the Baptist church in Eagle Street, Holborn, London, in 1805. He was a pronounced opponent of Roman Catholicism, and so denounced the repeal of the Test and Corporation Acts; he was also interested in the abolition of slavery and in missionary operations. His chief significance is as historian of his denomination, by his History of the English Baptists (4 vols., London, 1834), which, however, is criticized as to be used with caution on account of its mistakes. He wrote on other subjects quite voluminously, his works including Brief Sketch of the History of Dissenters (1810), and John Milton, his Life and Times (1833).

BIBLIOGRAPHY: G. Pritchard, Memoir of the Life and Writings of . . . Joseph Ivimey, London, 1835; DNB, xxix. 81-82.