EUSTACHIUS, yu-ste'ki-us (EUSTATHIUS), SAINT: According to a late tradition, a Roman martyr who, with his family, was put to death in 118. Before his baptism he was called Placidus, and he is said to have been converted by a vision as he was hunting in the forest, of a cross between the antlers of the stag he was pursuing, while a voice cried to him: "Why persecutest thou me?" After being exposed in vain to the lions in the amphitheater, Eustachius and his family are said to have been burned to death in an oven shaped like a stag. In the Western Church the martyrdom of Eustachius had been commemorated on Sept. 20 since the early Middle Ages, while the Greek Church appoints Nov. 20 for this feast. A basilica of St. Eustachius existed in Rome in the eighth century and apparently even in the time of Gregory the Great, and relics of the saint were taken thence to various places, including St. Denis and Paris. Eustachius is the patron saint of Madrid, and he is also one of the fourteen "helpers in need" (q.v.), being the special protector of pious hunters.

(O. ZOCKLER.)

BIBLIOGRAPHY: ASB, Sept., vi. 106-137; Analecta Bollandiana, iii. 66-112, Paris, 1884; Nicephorus Callistus, Hist. eccl., iii. 29; M. Armellini, Le Chiese di Roma, pp. 234-238, Rome, 1887; F. Gregorovius, Geschichte Roms, iii. 578-583, Stuttgart, 1895-96. Eng. transl., iii. 553-556, iv. 420, 458, London, 1895-98; DCB, ii. 380-381.

EUSTASIUS, yu-ste'shi-us. Second abbot of Luxeuil; d. 629. He was of noble family, nephew

214

[Page 214]

215

[Page 215]

216

[Page 216]

217

[Page 217]

218

[Page 218]

219

[Page 219]

220

[Page 220]

221

[Page 221]

222

[Page 222]

223

[Page 223]

224

[Page 224]

225

[Page 225]

226

[Page 226]

227

[Page 227]

228

[Page 228]

229

[Page 229]

230

[Page 230]

231

[Page 231]

232

[Page 232]

233

[Page 233]

234

[Page 234]

235

[Page 235]

236

[Page 236]

237

[Page 237]

238

[Page 238]

239

[Page 239]

240

[Page 240]

241

[Page 241]

242

[Page 242]

243

[Page 243]

244

[Page 244]

245

[Page 245]

246

[Page 246]

247

[Page 247]

248

[Page 248]

249

[Page 249]

250

Emile of the Israelites THE NEW SCHAFF-HERZOG 250 Rxtreme Unotioa important factor in modern Roman Catholic religious thought and life. (O. Zbcst.ERt.) BIBLIOGRAPHY: The " Exercises " were published in Eng. transl. from the Latin in London, 1847, 1880, 1870, and from the Spanish, ib. 1900. Consult: P. StSger, Die asketisahe Litemtur fiber die geisuirhen Uebungen, R,egens burg, 1850; A. Steinmetz, Hiat. of the Jesuits, London, 1880; E. Gothein, Ignaz van Loyola, pp. 2B-38, Halls, 1885; F. H. Reueoh, Index der roabotensn Becher, ii. 294 295, Bonn, 1885; d. Brucker, Die peiaUichsrt Uebunpen du heilipen Ipnas, Freiburg, 1890; O. ZSckler, Askew and Mbnehtum, pp. b94-599, Frankfort, 1898; Heimbuaher, Orden and Konprcpationcn, ii. b9-83. EXILE OF THE ISRAELITES. See ISRAEL, HIS TORY OF, L, § J. EXODUS, BOOB OF. Bee HEBATEUCH. EXODUS OF THE ISRAELITES. See WILDER NESS.

HISTORY ON, L, $ 4; WANDERING IN T7314 ·· ILDH;RNE88.