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Later becoming vicar-general of Parma, he was consecrated bishop of Guastalla in 1890, whence he was translated to Como in the following year. In 1894 he was enthroned archbishop of Milan, and in the same year was created cardinal priest of Sant'Anastasia. He is a member Of the congregations of Bishops and Regulars, Indulgences, and the Index.

FERRATA, DOMENICO: Cardinal; b. at Gradoli, diocese of Montefiascone (50 m. n.w. of Rome), Italy, Mar. 4, 1847. He studied at the Jesuit colleges at Orvieto and Montefiascone, and at the University of Rome. He was then professor of canon law at the Roman Seminary and also professor of church history, exegesis, dogmatic theology, and the institutes of ecclesiastical law at the Propaganda. In 1877 he became a member of the Congregation for Extraordinary Ecclesiastical Affairs, and in 1879 was appointed auditor of the papal nuncio at Paris. After his return to Italy, he was made undersecretary of his Congregation and domestic prelate to the pope, and in 1884 he was president of the Pontificia Accademia dei Nobili Ecclesiastici. In 1885 he was preconized titular archbishop of Thessalonica and sent to Belgium as papal nuncio. On his return, he became secretary of his congregation, and in 1891 was nuncio at Paris. He was created cardinal priest of Santa Prisca in 1896. He is a member of the Congregations of Extraordinary Ecclesiastical Affairs, the Council, Rites, the Inquisition, Studies, Indulgences, and Loreto, besides being a commissioner for the reunion of dissenting churches and for the apostolic visitation of the dioceses of Italy.

FERRER, VINCENTE. See VINCENT FERRER, SAINT.

FERRIER, far"ry6', JEREMIE: French Protestant; b. at Nimes c. 1560; d. in Paris Sept. 26, 1626. He was pastor of the Protestant congregation at Alais, afterward at Nimes, and in 1601 was appointed professor of theology at the academy at Nimes. On the occasion of his inauguration he defended publicly the thesis that Pope Clement VIII. was the Antichrist, and later he won a great reputation by his sermons against the Jesuits. Nevertheless, some doubt of his sincerity arose in 1611; and in 1612, suspected of having sold out to the Romanists, he was suspended for six years by the Synod of Privas. So strong was the feeling against him that in the rioting which followed, Ferrier barely escaped with his life. In 161'4 he went to Paris, abjured Protestantism, and subsequently became a counselor of state under Louis XIII. He published De l'AnteeArist et de ses marqum, contre les calomnies des ennemis de l'6glise catholique (Paris, 1615), in which he retracted his former anti-Romanist utterances; and Le Catholique d'Otat (1625), a defense of Richelieu's policy.

BIHLIOGRAPHT: L. Mdnard, Hiat. . de Nimes, Vol. v., 7 vols., Paris, 175o--58; A. Bowel, Hiet. de Nglise r6form6e de Niarnes, Ntmes, 1856; E. and it. Haag, La France yrote-tame, ed. H. L. Bordier, Paris, 1577-E6; Liehtenberger, EBR, iv. 712-716.

FERRIS, ISAAC: American (Dutch) Reformed; b. in New York Oct. 9, 1799; d. at Roselle, N. J.,

June 16, 1873. He was graduated from Columbia College (1816) and the Rutgers Seminary (1820). He held pastorates in the Dutch Reformed Church at New Brunswick, N. J. (1821-24), Albany, N. Y. (1824-36), and the Market Street Church, New York (1836-53), and was president of the New York Sunday School Union (1837-73), also of the Board of Foreign Missions of the Dutch Reformed Church. In 1842 he was sent to Holland on behalf of American missionaries in the Dutch East Indies. He was chancellor of New York University (185-70; emeritus 1870-73), and throughout his connection with the University he was professor of moral science and Christian evidences, also acting professor of constitutional and international law 18551869. Through his efforts the heavy debt under which the institution had labored since its foundation was removed, several new departments were added to the course of instruction, and the standard of scholarship materially raised. He was also principal of the Rutgers Female Institute and president of its board of trustees. He published numerous occasional sermons and addresses, including Jubilee Memorial o f the American Bile Society; being a Review of its First Fifty Years of Work (New York, 1867), an address delivered at the Jubilee of the American Bible Society at New York in 1866.

FERRIS, JOHN MASON: Dutch Reformed; b. at Albany, N. Y., Jan. 17, 1825. He was graduated from the University of the City of New York (A.B., 1843) and the New Brunswick Theological Seminary (1849). He was pastor of the Reformed Church at Tarrytown, N. Y. (1849-54), the Second Reformed Church at Chicago (1854-62), and the First Reformed Church at Grand Rapids, Mich. (18625). In 1865 he was appointed corresponding secretary of tile Board of Foreign Missions of the Reformed Church in America, since 1883 has been editor of The Christian Intelligencer (New York), and treasurer of the Board of Foreign Missions since 1886.

FERRY, PAUL: French Protestant; b. at Metz Feb. 24, 1591; d. there July 28, 1669. He was educated at the seminary of Montauban and became pastor of the Reformed Congregation at Metz in 1612. Here he labored, as preacher and author, for fifty-seven years. He was a very prolific writer; but most of his works still remain in manuscript. His principal work is the CatEchisme gmEral de la R~ formation de la Religion (S6dan,1654), in which he showed that the Reformation was a necessary result of the corruption of the Church. This book called forth a refutation from Bosauet, then canon and archdeacon of Metz. The disputation thus begun led to mutual esteem between the contestants, and in 1666 Ferry carried on a lengthy correspondence with Boasuct in the interest of a fusion of Protestantism and Catholicism, which was then being considered by the French government. He had already labored in vain to secure a union of the various branches of Protestantism, and had even induced John Durie (q.v.) to come to Metz in 1662 to discuss the subject with him. His Lettre aux ministres de Gen'- (in Biblioth6que anglaise, Vol.