WENDT, vent, HANS HINRICH: German Protestant; b. at Hamburg June 18, 1853. He was

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educated at the universities of Tübingen (Ph.D., 1875) and Göttingen (lie. theol., 1877); became privat-docent of New-Testament exegesis at the latter university (1877), and associate professor (1881); was professor at Kiel (1883-85); professor of systematic theology at Heidelberg (1887-93); and since 1893 has been professor of the same subject at Jena. Besides preparing the fifth to the eighth editions of H. A. W. Meyer's commentary on Acts (Göttingen, 1880-99), he has written Die Begriffe Fleisch and Geist im biblischen SprachgebTauch (Gotha, 1878); Die christliche Lehre von der menschlichen Yollkommenheit (Göttingen, 1882); Die Lehre Jesu (2 vols., 1886-1890; Eng, transl, by F. Wilson, 1892); Die Norm des echten Christentums (Leipsic, 1893); Der Erfahrungsbeweis f fir, die Wahrheit des Christentums (Göttingen, 1897); Das Johannesevangelium (1900; Eng. transl. by E. Lummis, Edinburgh, 1902); The Idea and Reality of Revelation (London, 1904); .System der christlichen Lehre (Göttingen,1906); and Die Schichten im vierten Evangelium (1911).

Bibliography: C. A. Briggs, Study of Holy Scripture, pp. 498, 589, New York, 1899; H. S. Nash, Hist. of the Higher Criticism of the N. T., ib., 1900.

WENRICH OF TREVES: Schoohnan and con troversialist of the eleventh century. He is cele brated for his part in the struggle between Gregory VII. and Henry IV., in which, at the instigation and under the name of Bishop Dietrich of Verdun, he wrote a brief but pungent tract, published probably in 1081, in the shape of an open letter to the pope, whose policies he criticized with clever acuteness (found in MGH, Lib. de life, i., 1890, pp. 284-299; with introduction, pp. 280=284). The tract made no ordinary stir, and moved Manegold of Lauterbach (q.v.) to issue his less able countertract, Liter ad Gebehctrdum (in MGH, Lib. de life, i. 308-I30, 1890). Wenrich contested the justice, force, and validity of the ban of 1080 against the German king, and asserted that such unwarranted ecxommunica tion segregates not the banned member, but his un just judge. He also vigorously protested against the celibacy laws of Gregory VII. and warmly advo cated royal investiture. He also charged Gregory VII. with complicity in setting up the rival kingdom in Germany, asserting that Gregory did violence to the papal dignity and used force in attaining his ends. CARL MIRBT. ~, Jahrbücher des deutschen Refchs enter IV. and V., iii. 406-415, Leipsic, 1900; G. Koch, Mnne gold von Lauterbach und die Lehre von der Volksaouvertini tat, Berlin, 1902; and the literature under Gregory VII.