WARD, WILLIAM HAYES: Congregationalist, Orientalist; b. at Abington, Mass., June 25, 1835. He was educated at Phillips Academy, Andover, Mass., and at Amherst College, Mass. (B.A., 1856); studied in Union Theological Seminary, New York City, 1856-57; in the Sheffield Scientific School, New Haven, Conn., 1857; was tutor in Beloit Col lege, Wis., 1857-58; studied at Andover Theolog ical Seminary, Mass., 1858-59 (graduated); was pastor at Oskaloosa and Grasshopper Falls, Iran., 1859-61; teacher in Williston Seminary, East hampton, Mass., 1861; at Utica, N. Y., 1862-65; professor of Latin, Ripon College, Wis., 18657; associate editor New York Independent, 1868-70; has been superintending editor since 1870. He was director of the Wolfs expedition to Babylonia, 1884 85. He is the one authority on Assyrian, Babylonian, and Hittite seals. He edited (with Mrs. Lamer) Sid ney Lanier's Poems (New York, 1884); has written a description of the seals in the J. P. Morgan collec tion (privately printed, New York, 1909); and The Seal Cylinders of Western Asia, published by the Carnegie Institution, Washington, D. C., 1910.

WARDLAW, RALPH: Scotch Congregational ist; b. at Dalkeith (6 m. s.e. of Edinburgh), Scotland, Dec. 22, 1779; d. at Easter-house, near Glasgow, Dec. 17, 1853. He was educated at the grammar-school at Glasgow, and matriculated at the university, 1791; entered the theological school in connection with the Associate Secession Church, beginning his studies at Selkirk in 1795; became a Congregationalist in 1800, joining the independent church in Glasgow; became pastor of the North Albian Street chapel of Glasgow, 1803; a larger chapel on West George Street was built in 1819, and Wardlaw continued to preach there till his death. From 1811 he was professor for many yearn

of systematic theology in the Glasgow Theological Academy. He was prominent in Scotland as a preacher, but his theological writings made him even more widely known; they embrace, besides his sermons and lectures on the Bible, Discourses on the Nature and the Extent of the Atonement of Christ (Glasgow, 1830); Christian Ethics, in the Congregational Lecture (London, 1834); National Church Establishment Examined . . . Lectures . . . in London (1839); Memoir of the Rev. John Reid: comprising Incidents of the Bellary Mission from 1880 to 1840 (Glasgow, 1845); The Headship of Christ, as Affected by National Church Establishments: a Lecture (1847); On Miracles (Edinburgh, 1852); Systematic Theology . . ed. J. R. Campbell (3 vols., 1856-57). J. S. Wardlaw edited his Posthumous Works (8 vols., 18612).

Bibliography: W. L. Alexander, Memoirs of the Life arid Writings of R. iVardlaw, Edinburgh, 1856; DNB, lix. 353-354.