WATERLAND, DANIEL: English theologian and apologist; b. at Walesby (20 m. s. of Hull) Feb. 14, 1882-83; d. at Twickenham (a western suburb of London) Dec. 23, 1740. He studied at Magda, lene College, Cambridge (B.A., 1703; M.A., 1706; B.D., 1714; D.D., 1717); became master of his college (1713), and vice-chancellor of the university (1715); chaplain to George L (1717); rector of St. Austin and St. Faith, London (1721); chancellor of York (1722); canon of Windsor (1724); archdeacon of Middlesex and vicar of Twickenham, (1730).. His significance lies in his defense of trinitarian orthodoxy against Samuel Clarks and Daniel Whitby, and in his check upon the advance of latitudinarianism within the Church of England. He was prolific as an author, his major works including: Vindication of Christ's Divinity (Cambridge, 1719; an attack upon Clarks and Whitby, ut sup.), with which is to be placed his Answer to 13r. Whitby's Reply (1720); these two works displayed his ability as an apologist, and led to his next work, Eight Sermons . . . in Defense of the Divinity of our Lord Jesus Christ (1720; on the Lady Moyer foundation, preached at St. Paul's); Critical History of the Athanasian Creed (1723; assigns the symbol to 430-440, and makes St. Hilary of Arles its author); Importance of the Doctrine of the Holy Trinity Asserted (London, 1734); and Review of the Doctrine of the Eucharist as Laid down in Scripture and Antiquity (Cambridge, 1737). Besides these a considerable number of smaller publications is credited to him. In all of these there appear a learning which is deep and accurate, a style terse and vigorous, and an opposition to mysticism and philosophy which compelled him to have recourse to external evidences for his apologetics. His works were collected in 11 vols., Oxford, 1823-28, reprint in 6 vols., 1843, to which was prefixed a Life by Bishop William van Mildert.

Bibliography: L. Stephen, English Thought in the 18th Century, passim, New York, 1881; J. H. Overton, The Church in England, ii. 227, London, 1897; J. H. Overton and F. Relton, The English Church (1711,-1800), passim, ib. 1908; C. S. Carter,-English Church in the 18th Century, pp. 31-33, ib. 1910; DNB, lix. 448-448.

WATKINS, HENRY WILLIAM: Church of England; b. at Ty-newydel, Momnouthshire, Jan.

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14, 1844. He was educated at King's College, London (B.A., University of London, 1868), and was ordered deacon in 1870 and ordained priest in the following year. He was curate of Pluckley, Kent (1870-72); vicar of Much Wenlock (1873-75); after which he was connected with King's College, London, as censor, tutor, and chaplain (1875-78), professor of logic and moral philosophy (1877-79), and professor of logic and metaphysics (1879-80). During this period he was also warden of St. Augustine's College, Canterbury (1878-80), and vicar of St. Gregory the Great, Canterbury (1879-80). He was canon of Durham and archdeacon of Northumberland (1880-82); also curate of All Saints, Newcastleon-Tyne (1881-82); in 1882 he became archdeacon of Auckland, but resigned this dignity within the year. Since 1882 he has been canon and archdeacon of Durham; also professor of Hebrew in the University of Durham since 1880. He was Bampton lecturer at Oxford in 1890, and has been an honorary fellow of King's College, London, since 1872 and of St. Augustine's College, Canterbury, since 1883, examining chaplain to the bishop of Durham since 1879, and commissary to the bishop of Sydney since 1884. He has written the commentary on the Gospel of St. John for Bishop C. J. Ellicott's New Testament Commentary for English, Readers (London, 1877; reprinted separately, 1879); The Church in Northumberland: A Primary Charge (1882); and Modern Criticism considered in its Relation to the Fourth Gospel (Bampton lectures; London, 1891).