VANNUTELLI, van"nu-tel'lf, SERAFINO: Cardinal; b. at Genazzano (24 m. e.s.e. of Rome), Italy, Nov. 26, 1834. After the completion of his studies in the Collegium Capranica, Rome, he became a beneficiary of St. Peter's and professor of theology in the Vatican Seminary. He was sent to Mexico as auditor of the papal nuncio, and later accompanied the same prelate to South America and to Munich. In 1869 he was consecrated titular archbishop of Nicaea and sent as apostolic delegate to Peru and Ecuador, whence he was recalled, in 1875, to become papal nuncio at Brussels. Five years later he went in a similar capacity to Vienna, and in 1887 was created cardinal priest of Santa Sabina, which was exchanged for San Gerolamo degli Schiavori in 1889. He was appointed secretary of memorials in 1892, and later of briefs and the Index; was then at the head of the Congregation of Bishops and Regulars; and was made, in 1899, grand penitentiary and grand secretary of the Holy Mee. In 1893 he was elevated to be car dinal bishop of Frascati, but in 1903, on the death of Cardinal Parocchi, was translated to the suburbicarian see of Porto and Santa Rufina.

VANNUTELLI, VINCENZO: Cardinal, brother of the preceding; b. at Genazzano (24 m. e.s.e. of Rome), Italy, Dec. 5, 1836. He was educated at the Collegium Capranica and the Gregorian University, Rome, and, after being ordained to the priesthood in 1861, was a professor in the Vatican Seminary. After diplomatic service in Holland and Belgium from 1863 to 1869 he was appointed apostolic prothonotary and under-secretary of state; later (1878) auditor of the Sacra Rota Romans, in 1880 was preconized titular archbishop of Sardes and was sent to Constantinople as apostolic delegate and patriarch-vicar, and in 1$83 went to Moscow as envoy extraordinary at the coronation of the czar. After another official visit to Russia, he was appointed nuncio in Lisbon, where he concluded the concordat between the Vatican and Portugal, and also reorganized the Roman Catholic hierarchy in the East. In 1890 he was created cardinal priest of San Silvestro in Capite, and in 1900 was elevated to be cardinal bishop of Palestrina. He was for a long time prefect of the Propaganda, and since 1902 has been prefect of the Congregation of the Council, while he is also archpriest of the Liberian patriarchal church of Santa Maria Maggiore.

VARAGINE, JACOBUS DE. See Jacobus de Varagine.

VASZARY, va-sd'rf, CLAUDIUS FRANZ: Cardinal; b. at Keszthely (96 m. s. of Pressburg), Hungary, Feb. 12, 1832. He entered the Benedictine order in 1847 at Martinsberg, where he received his education, and in 1855 was ordained to the priesthood; was professor of history at the gymnasium of Gran (1861-69); was rector of the similar institution at Raab (1869-85); became archabbot of Martinsberg (1885), with a seat in the Austrian Upper House; was consecrated prince-archbishop of Gran and primate of Hungary (1891); and was created cardinal-priest of Santi Silvestro e Martino di Monti (1893).