TRUBER, PRIMUS: Reformer in Carniola (in
southern Austria); b. at Raschiza, near Auersperg
(3 m: n.e. of Triest) in 1508; d. at Derendingen
(1 m. s.w. of Tübingen) June 29, 1586. His poverty
was such that he was unable to obtain a university
education, but in Peter Bonomo, the bishop of
Trieat, a humanist inclined toward an Evangelical
reformation within the Roman Catholic Church,
he found a patron who enabled him to enter the
priesthood. He became chaplain at CiIli, before
1530, where he began to preach against the abuses
in the Church. This led him to Laibach in 1531,
where he preached against celibacy, the communion
in one species, and for justification by faith alone.
Here as early as 152? a circle of men of an Evangelical cast of mind had collected about Matthias
Klombner, which led King Ferdinand I. to forbid
then doctrines. In 1536 Truber was joined by the
Laibach canon Paul Wiener, who later became the
first Protestant bishop of Transylvania, but in
1540 he was obliged to retire as parish priest to
Lack, near Ratachoch, and in 1541 the pariah of
TUpper was added. He became canon at Laibach
in 1542; German and Wendish preacher in the
cathedral in 1544; and parish priest of St. Bartho-
lomaenfeld in Lower Carniola in 1546. But in 1547
the storm broke over the Evangelicals, and Truber
escaped imprisonment only by flight, losing all his
benefices and his library. Returning to his home
in 1548, he was again forced to flee, and, reaching
Nuremberg, an appointment as morning preacher
at Rothenburg on the Tauber was secured for him
by Veit Dietrich. Here he began to prepare Evan
gelical writings in the Wendish language and
published, under the pesudonym Philopatridua
Illyricus,
Catechism= (Tübingen, 1550), and "Abe cedarium and the Shorter Catechism" (same year).
He became pastor at Kempten in 1552, and pub
lished the New Testament (Tübingen, 1557-77;
2d ed., 1582);
Articoli oli deili
(1562), a compen dium of the Augsburg, Württemberg, and Saxon
Confessions;
Ordninga cerkovna,
a church order (1564);
Ta eeli Psalter (1566);
Ta eeli eccteehismus, a hymn-book (1567; 4th ed., Laibach, 1579); and
Catechismus s dueima islagama
(Tübingen, 1575). At the same time many of these works, including
the New Testament, were translated into Croatian.
In the mean time Carniola had become so thorough
ly Protestantized that in 1560 Truber was recalled.
In 1562 he removed to Laibach, but in December
he and other Evangelicals were tried before the
bishop, who, however, was himself confronted by
a formal charge of immorality, which, for the time
being, halted the proceedings against Truber. The
tatter's work of organization now went on unhin
dered. But when, on Apr. 28, 1564, the archduke,
visiting Laibach, attended mass at the cathedral,
the nobles of the estates attended him to the door,
but, turning, went to the Church of St. Elizabeth,
where Truber was preaching. This gave oppor
tunity to his adversaries not only to secure the
prohibition of the church-order which he was at
tempting to introduce, but also his perpetual ban
ishment from Carniola. Truber now became pas
tor at Laufen on the Neckar in Württemberg,
15656; and then at Derendingen until his death.
For the progress of the Reformation and the Coun
ter-Reformation in Carniola see
Inner Austria, the Reformation In; also
Ferdinand II. and the Counter-Reformation In Austria, § 5.
(Theodor Elze†.)
Bibliography:
:
Truber'a Briefs, ed. T. Elze, were issued at Tübingen, 1898; and the funeral sermon by Jakob Andrea
at the same place. 1588. Consult further:
H. C. W. Sil lem, Primes Truber, Erlangen,
1881; T. Else, Die Super intendenten der evangelischen Hirche in Hrain wllhrend des
IB.Jahrhunderla, Vienna, 1863; idem,
Die UniveraitKtTit bingen und die Studereten aus Hrain,
Tübingen, 1877; idem, Paul Wiener,
Vienna. 1882; J. Loserth, Die Refor
mation and
Gegenreformation in den innerSaEerreichiaclaen
Lündern, Stuttgart, 1898.
