Longley, Charles Thomas

LONG, ALBERT LIMERICK: American Methodist Episcopal missionary; b. at Washington, Pa., Dec. 4, 1832; d. in Liverpool, England, July 28, 1901. He was educated at the Western University of Pennsylvania, Pittsburg, and at Allegheny College, Meadville, Pa., graduating from the latter in 1852. He then studied theology in the Concord Biblical Institute (now Boston University), and entered the Methodist Episcopal ministry in 1857. In 1857 he was sent to Bulgaria as missionary of the Methodist Episcopal Church, where he labored until 1863, when he went to Constantinople to assist E. Riggs in revising the translation of the Bible into Bulgarian. From 1872 till his death he was a professor in Robert College, Constantinople. Besides the translation of the Bible, he wrote several hymns in the Bulgarian language, and also edited a Bulgarian periodical.

LONGLEY, CHARLES THOMAS: Archbishop of Canterbury; b. at Boley Hill, near Rochester (27 m. s.e. of London), July 28, 1794; d. at Addington Park, near Croydon (10 m. s.w. of Cambridge), Oct. 27, 1868. He received his preliminary education at Cheam, Surrey, and at Westminster; in 1812 entered Christ Church College, Oxford (B.A., 1815; M.A., 1818; B.D. and D.D., 1829); was reader in Greek in his college, 1822, tutor and censor, 1825-28, and proctor, 1827; meanwhile he took orders in 1818 and became curate at Cowley, then incumbent, 1823; was made rector of West

Tytherley, Hampshire, 1827; was elected headmaster of Harrow, 1829, a post which did not serve to bring out his best qualities, since the discipline grew lax; became first bishop of the new see of Ripon, 1836, in this position gaining success in his opposition to Roman Catholic teaching, though at first he received much blame which changed to

praise after several ministers became Roman Catholics; he was translated to the see of Durham, 1856; became archbishop of York, 1860, and a privy councilor the same year; was promoted archbishop of Canterbury, 1864. Two events of importance marked his primacy. The first was the deposition of Bishop John William Colenso (q.v.), in which Longley declared his belief in the unsoundness of Colenso's position respecting the documents of the Hexateuch and in the legality of his deposition. The second was the first meeting in 1867 of the Lambeth Conference (q.v.). His principal publications were charges and sermons.

Bibliography: F. Arnold, Our Bishops and Deans, i. 161-168, London, 1875; A. R. Ashwell and R. G. Wilberforce, Life of . . . S. Wilberforce, passim, London, 1880-82; DNB, xxxiv.121-122.