HOORNBEEK, hom'bfk, JOHANNES: Professor of theology in Utrecht and Leyden; b. at Haarlem Nov. 4, 1617; d. at Leyden Sept. 1, 1666. He studied at Leyden and Utrecht, in 1639 became preacher in Mulllheim-on-the-Rhine, in 1644 professor of theology in Utrecht, and in 1645 also preacher. In 1654 he removed to Leyden, where he became the chief opponent of his colleagues Cocceius and Heidanus. He represents the type of an orthodox theologian of the Netherlands, combining with the scholastic method the most earnest zeal for a life of practical piety. He wrote Sociniw
nismus confutatua (3 vols., Utrecht, 1650-64); Summa controversiarum religionis; cum inftdehtrus (Gentilibus, Judacis, Muhammedanis), haretieis (Papistig, Anabaptistis, Enthusiastis et Libertinis, Socinianis'), schismatic (RemonstrantZus, Lutheranis, Brouwnistis, Grwcis) (1653); Inatitutiones theologicte ex optimis audanbus concinnatte (1653); De observando a Christiania prcecepto Decalogi quarto (Leyden, 1659), directed against the abolition of the fourth commandment as advocated by Cocceius; Theologia practices (1663); Dissertatio de consociatione evangelica Reformatorum et Augustance confessionis, give de colloquio Casselano (Amsterdam, 1663).
Bibliography: P. Bayle, Dictionary, Historical and Critical,
iii. 483-484, London, 1736; A. J. van der Aa, Biographisch Woordenbook der Nederlanden, viii. 2, pp. 1230 sqq., Haarlem, 1852 sqq. (contains full list of literature).
HOPE: The expectation of joy and welfare in the
future. Although requisite as a defense against the
ills of life, it is invariably associated in the natural
man with doubt and fear, since it
is directed toward
transitory objects and is exposed to disappointment.
Only in revelation is it free from desire and fancy,
and made the operation of the Holy Spirit: Hope
is a basal component of godly life, and is presupposed
in faith, so that hope is faith directed toward the
future. The faith of the Old Testament was that
God would glorify Israel and the Gentiles through
Israel
(
This coacept of hope implies that those without
Christ have no hope
(
Bibliography:
H.
Schultz, O. T.
Theology, i. 325, ii. 368-
369,
Edinburgh,
1892; W.
Beyschlag,
N. T. Theology, i.
254, 342, ib. 1896;
H. J. Holtamann,
Lehrbuch der neu
testamentlichen Theologie,
ii.
162-163, 305-306, 310-311,
Freiburg,
1897; G.
B. Stevens,
Theology of N. T., pp.
520, 521,
New York,
1899;
B. Weiss,
Lehrbuch der bibti
when Theologie des N. T.,
4$
50, 82, 96, 101, 108, 125, 127,
363
Hopitine
157, Stuttgart, 1903; P. Wernle, Bepinnima of Christianity, L 279, 303-313, ii. 297-313, New York, 1903-04; DC(7. i. 747-748.
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