HESSELS (HESSELINUS), JOHANN HEINRICH: Roman Catholic theologian; b. either at Arras (100 m. n.n.e. of Paris), France, or at Louvain, Belgium, 1522; d. at Louvain 1566. He taught eight years in the Premonstratensian monastery of Parc, near Louvain, and then became professor in the theological faculty of that university in 1559. He joined the Augustinian antischolastic party which went back to the Church Fathers of the third, fourth, and fifth centuries, but vigorously opposed the Augustinism of the Protestants. With Bajus and Cornelius Jansen he went, in 1563, to the Council of Trent, where he seems to have taken part in the preparatory work of the Catechismus Roma nus. The last three years of his life were occupied with polemical agitation against Protestantism and Cassander. He wrote polemical treatises and com mentaries on the Bible. His chief work in the sphere of dogmatics is his Catechismus (Louvain, 1571, 2d ed., 1595).

(O. Zöckler†.)

Bibliography: P. F. X. de Ram, Mémoire Sur la part quB le clerg6 de Belgique . . . ant prise au concile de Trento, Brussels, 1841; F. X. Linsenmann, Bajus und die Grund legung des Jansenismus, Tübingen, 1867; H. Hurter, Nomenclator literarius recentioris theologise catholicle, i. 30-31, Innsbruck, 1867; KL, v. 1930-31.

HESSEY, JAMES AUGUSTUS: Church of Eng land; b. at London July 17, 1814; d. there Dec. 24, 1892. He was educated at St.. John's College, Oxford (B.A., 1836), and was ordained priest in 1838. He was vicar of Helidon, Nortbants. (1839), and lecturer in logic in his college (1839-12). He was public examiner in the University of Oxford (1842-14), and headmaster of Merchant Taylors' School (1845-70). He became examining chaplain to the bishop of London (1870), and from 1875 until his death was archdeacon of Middlesex. He was likewise select preacher at Oxford in 1849, and at Cambridge in 1878-79, preacher of Gray's Inn, London, in 1850-79, Bampton Lecturer at Oxford in 1860, prebendary of Oxgate in St. Paul's Cathe dral in 1860-75, Grinfeld Lecturer on the Septuagint in Oxford in 1865-69, and Boyle Lecturer in 1871 1873. He was one of the three permanent chairmen of the Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge, took an active part in the movement against legal izing marriage with a deceased wife's sister, and in theology was a moderate High-churchman, with deep sympathy with all that is earnest and true in every school of his Church. In addition to editing the Institutio Lingum Sanche of Victorinus Bythner (2 parts, London, 1853), he wrote Schemata Rheto rica: or, Tables explanatory of the Nature of the Enthymeme, and the Various Modes of Classification adopted by Aristotle in his Rhetoric and Prior Ana lytics (Oxford, 1845); Sunday, its Origin, History, and Present Obligation (Bamptonlectures; London, 1860); Biographies of the Kings of Judah (1865); and Moral Difficulties Connected with the Bible (Boyle lectures; 3 series, 1871-73).

Bibliography: DNB, Supplement, ii. 415-416.