HINCKS, EDWARD: Orientalist; b. at Cork Aug. 19, 1792; d. at Killyleagh (1fi m. s.s.e. of Belfast), County Down, Dec. 3, 1866. He was ed ucated at Trinity College, Dublin (B.A., 1811), and was appointed rector of Killyleagh in 1825. He resided there constantly till his death. Despite his seclusion and lack of books, he soon established a reputation of the first order as a pioneer in the field of cuneiform decipherment. His earlier work was on the Egyptian hieroglyphics, but later he turned his attention to Babylonian and Persian inscriptions and made many discoveries in this field. He enjoyed the distinction of having discovered simultaneously with Rawlinson the Persian cuneiform vowel-system (see Inscriptions II., § 3). The results of his studies are embodied in articles contributed to the Dublin University Magazine, to the Journal of Sacred Literature, and to the Transactions of the Royal Irish Academy. He began an Assyrian grammar in the Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society (1866), but left no materials for its completion.

Bibliography: Annual Report of the Royal Asiatic Society, 1867; R. W. Ropers, Hist. of Babylonia and Assyria, vol. i., New York, 1900; H. V. Hilprecht, Explorations in Bible Lands, Philadelphia, 1903; DNB, xxvi. 438-439.

HINCKS, EDWARD YOUNG: Congregationalist; b. at Bucksport, Me., Aug. 13, 1844. He studied at Yale College (B.A., 186G), Union Theological Seminary (1866-67), and Andover Theological Seminary, being graduated from the latter institution in 1870. He was pastor of the State Street Church, Portland, Me. (1870-81). He then spent a year in Europe (1881-82), and on his return to the United States was appointed Smith professor of Biblical theology in Andover Theological Seminary, a position which he held from 1883 to 1900. Since the latter year he has been professor of systematic theology in the same seminary. Besides having edited the Andover Review, he was a collaborator on the volumes, prepared by the editors of the Andover Review, entitled Progressive Orthodoxy (Boston, 1886) and The Divinity of Christ (1893).

HINCMAR OF LAON: Bishop of Laon; b. 830; d. 879. Through the influence of his uncle, Hincmar of Reims (q.v.), under whom he had received his education, he was made bishop of Laon in 858. Being of a violent temper, he soon refused obedience to his metropolitan, the more famous Hincmar, and even denied the jurisdiction of the state courts over the bishoprics. His violence is shown by the fact that during a temporary imprisonment at this time he laid an interdict upon his own diocese. After a long controversy he was finally deposed in 871 by the national synod of Douzy. He was then imprisoned by the king and deprived of his eyesight. A year before his death John VIII. allowed him a part of the episcopal revenues of the diocese of Laon and gave him permission to say public mass. His works, all of which had their origin in his controversies with his uncle and Charles the Bald, are printed in MPL, cxxiv. 979-1072.

Bibliography: C. de Noorden, Hinkmar . . , von Rheims, pp. 241-248, 267-291, Bonn, 1863; H. Schr6rs, Hinkmar . von Reims, pp. 315-351, 424-425, Freiburg, 1884;

E. Dümmler, Geschichte des ostfrdakischen Reichs, ii. 323 sqq., Leipsic, 1887; Hefele, Conciliengeschichte, iv . 380-381, 489-508; KL, vi. 6-8; much of the literature under Hincmar of Reims; and Neander, Christian Church,.iii. 364-365.