HALES, JOHN: English clergyman, surnamed " The Ever-Memorable "; b. at Bath Apr. 19, 1584; d. at Eton May 19, 1656. He studied at Corpus Christi College and Merton College, Oxford (B.A., 1603; M.A.,1609), became a fellow of Merton in 1605, distinguished himself as a lecturer in Greek, and shone as a preacher. In 1616 he went to Holland as chaplain to Sir Dudley Carleton, the English ambassador, by whom he was sent to the Synod of Dort in 1618 to report the proceedings of that assembly. In 1619 he retired to his fellowship at Eton, to which he had been elected in 1612, and thereafter spent his life chiefly among his books, of which he had a noted collection. Once or twice a year he visited London, where his wealth of knowledge and ready wit made his company much desired in the brilliant circle of literary men then gathered there. Through Archbishop Laud, whose friend and chaplain he was, he was made canon of Windsor in 1639, but was ejected by the parliamentary committee in 1642. He was a man of beautiful tolerance and the foe of religious disputation, holding that mere doctrinal points about which pride and passion rather than conscience lead men to dispute have no place in any liturgy. He assisted Sir Henry Savile in the preparation of his edition of Chrysostom and published a number of sermons and tracts, of which the most important was the Tract Concerning Schism and Schismaties (London, 1642). His Golden Remains, containing his Letters from the Synod of Dort, Acta synodi, etc., with a preface by J. Peaxson, were edited by P. Gunning (1659). His Works were edited by Sir David Dalrymple (3 vols., Glasgow, 1765).

Bibliography: A. h Wood Athena Oxonirnses, ad. P. Bliss, iii. 409-410, 4 vols. London 1813-20; idem, Faso, ii. 299, 334, appended to the Athenw; John Walker, Sufferings of the Clergy, ii. 87,93-94, ib. 1714; DNB, xxiv. 3032, where further literature is given; W. H. Hutton, The English Church . . . 18,86-171.¢, p. 116, London, 1903.

HALES, WILLIAM: Irish chronologist; b. at Cork Apr. 8, 1747; d. at Killashandra (46 m. w. of Dundalk), County Cavan, Jan. 30, 1831. He was educated at Trinity College, Dublin (B.A., 1768), and was for twenty years a teacher in that institution, first tutor, afterward professor of Oriental languages. In 1788 he resigned his professorship for the rectory of Killashandra, where he spent the remainder of his life in scholarly retirement. He is known chiefly for his New Analysis of Chro nology (3 vols., London, 1809-12; 2d ed., 4 vols., 1830), which deals with Biblical chronology and gives a portion of the early history of the world. To be mentioned also is his Essay on the Origin and Purity of the Primitive Church of the British Isles (1819), portions of which were edited by J. Briggs under the title; A Historical Survey of the Relations

. between the Church and State of England and Ireland (1868).

Bibliography: J. Nichols, Illustrations of the Literary Hist. of the 18th Century, vii. 786, viii. 317, 320, 678, 8 vols.. London, 1817-58; DNB, xxiv. 38-39.