GALLIO. See Greece , I., I

GALLITZIN, DEMETRIUS AUGUSTINE: Roman Catholic missionary; b. at The Hague Dec. 22, 1770; d. at Loretto, Cambria County, Pa., May 6, 1,840. His mother was a famous adherent of Pietism, Adelheid Amalie von Schmettau, wife of the Russian Prince Dmitri Alexeievitch Galitzin (see Overberg, bernhard heinrich ; the name is variously spelled: Gallitzin, Golitzine, Golizyn, preferably Galitzin or Galiain; that of the subject of this sketch, however, almost invariably appears in the form Gallitzin). After serving in the Austrian army in the first campaign against France, he sailed for America with Father Brosius, his tutor, in 1792. He joined the Roman Catholic Church in 1787, surrendered his commission in the Russian army, entered the seminary of St. Sulpice in Baltimore, and was ordained priest Mar. 18, 1795, being the second priest ordained in this country. After serving for a time in the missions of Port Tobacco, Md., and Conewago, Pa., in 1799 he became pastor of the Roman Catholics of Maguire's Settlement in the wildest part of the Allegheny Mountains, now Cambria County, Pa. Here he bought more than 20,000 acres of land and began to furnish homes to settlers on easy terms. On his own property he founded in 1803 the town of Loretto. Other settlements were made at Ebensburg, Carrolltown, St. Augustine, Wilmore, and Summitville. As "Father Smith," by which name he had been naturalized in 1802, Gallitzin became famous for his charity, self-sacrifice, and zeal in Christian work. In 1809 he was allowed by special act of the legislature to resume his family name. He was held in high esteem by all sects, and high episcopal honors were frequently urged upon him. His writings are still prized by Roman Catholics, particularly his Defence of Catholic Principles (Pittsburg. 1816); Letters to a Protestant Friend on the Scriptures (1818); Appeal to the Protestant Public (1818); and Six Letters of Advice (1834).

Bibliography: T. Heyden, Memoir on As Life and Character of P. D. A. de Gallitzin, Baltimore, 1869; 8. M. Brownson, Life of Demetrius Augustine Ga71itan, Prince and Priest, New York, 1878; Pauline Hard, A Royal Son and Mother. Notre Dams, Ind., 1908.

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GALLOWAY, CHARLES BETTS: Methodist Episcopal bishop; b. at Kosciusko, Miss., Sept. 1, 1849; d. at Jackson, Miss., May 12, 1909. He studied at the University of Mississippi (B.A., 1868) and held pastorates at Port Gibson (1871), Yazoo City (1872-73), Jackson (1874-78), and Vicksburg, Miss. (187884). From 1882 to 1886 he was editor of the New Orleans Christian Advocate, and in 1886 was elected bishop of the Methodist Episcopal Church, South. He was a fraternal messenger to the Methodist Church of Canada in 1886 and to the Wesleyan Methodist Conference in England in 1892, while in 1901 he preached the opening sermon of the Ecumenical Conference at London. He was also a member of the Ecumenical Conference at Washington in 1891, and visited the Methodist Episcopal missions in China, Japan, Korea, and those in Brazil and Mexico. He was president of the board of education of the Methodist Episcopal Church, South. In theology he was an orthodox member of his denomination. He wrote Methodism, Its Providential Origin and Progress (Nashville, Tenn., 1880); Life of Bishop Linus Parker (1886); Hand-Book of Prohibition (1886); A Circuit of the Globe (1895); Modern Missions, their Evidential Value (Cole Lectures at Vanderbilt University; 1896); Christianity and the Nation (Quillian lectures at Emory College; 1898); The South and the Negro (1904); Methodism's To morrow (1904); and Bishop John Christian Keener (1906).