DUFF, ARCHIBALD: English Congregationalist; b. at Fraserburgh (37 m. n. of Aberdeen), Aberdeenshire, Scotland, Sept. 26, 1845. He studied at McGill University, Montreal (B.A., 1864), Andover Theological Seminary (B.D., 1872), and the universities of Halls (1872-74) and Göttingen (1874-75). He was head master of Dunham Academy, Quebec, 1864-65, professor of mathematics in St. Francis College, Richmond, Quebec, 1865-67, and assistant master of the high-school at Montreal 1867-69. He was Biblical lecturer in the Congregational College, Montreal, 1875-76, temporary professor of Hebrew in McGill College, 1876-77, and mathematical lecturer in the same institution 1876-78. Since 1878 he has been professor of Old Testament theology in the United College (Congregational), Bradford, Yorkshire. He was chairman of the Yorkshire Congregational Union in 1893, and a city councilor of Bradford in 1904-06. In theology he is an exponent of the strict scientific and historical study of Hebrew religion and Christianity. He was coeditor of the Bibliotheca Sacra in 1874-94, and has written Old Testament Theology (2 vols., London, 1891-1900); Hebrew Grammar (1901); Hebrew Theology and Ethics (1902); First and Second Esdras, in The Temple Apocrypha (1903); and Abraham and the Patriarchal Age (1903).

DUFFIELD, GEORGE: Presbyterian; b. at Carlisle, Pa., Sept. 12, 1818; d. at Bloomfield, N. J., July 6, 1888. He was graduated at Yale in 1837, and at Union Theological Seminary in 1840. He held pastorates at Brooklyn, N. Y. (1840-47), Bloomfield, N. J. (1847-52), Philadelphia (1852-1861), Adrian, Mich. (1861-65), Galesburg, Ill. (1865-1869), and Saginaw City, Mich. (1869-74). He was then an Evangelist at Ann Arbor, Mich. (1874-77), and after a ministry at Lansing, Mich. (1877-80), retired from active service. He is best known as a writer of hymns, especially the familiar "Stand up, stand up for Jesus."

DUFFIELD, SAMUEL AUGUSTUS WILLOUGHBY: Presbyterian; b. in Brooklyn Sept. 23, 1843; d. at Bloomfield, N. J., May 12, 1887. He was graduated at Yale (1863), and in 1866 was ordained to the Presbyterian ministry. He held pastorates at the Tioga Street Presbyterian Church, Philadelphia (1867-70), Claremont Presbyterian Church, Jersey City, N. J. (1870-71), Ann Arbor. Mich. (1871-74), Eighth Church, Chicago (1874-76), Central Church, Auburn, N. Y. (1876-78), Second Church, Altoona, Pa. (1878-82), and Bloomfield, N. J. (1882-87). He translated a cento from the De contemptxt mundi of Bernard of Cluny under the title The Heavenly Laud (New York, 1867), and wrote English Hymns: Their Authors and History (1886) and Latin Hymn-Writers and their Hymns (1889; edited after the author's death by R. E. Thompson). He was the son of George Duffield, and likewise a hymn-writer.