DREWS, PAUL GOTTFRIED: German Protestant; b. at Eibenstock (60 m. s.e. of Leipsic) May 8, 1858. He studied at Leipsic and Göttingen 1878-81, and after being a private tutor became a member of the clergy staff of St. Pauli in Leipsic in 1883. He was pastor at Burkau 1883-89, and at Dresden 1889-94. In 1894 he became professor extraordinary of homiletics and catechetics at Jena, in 1901 professor of practical theology at Giessen, and in 1908 he accepted a call to the University of Halle. He has written Willibald Pirkheimers Stellung zur Reformation (Leipsic, 1887); Humanismus und Reformation (1887); Christus, unser Leben (2 vols., Göttingen, 1894-1901); Disputationen. Dr: Martin Luthers in den Jahren 1535 bis 1545 an der Universität Wittenberg gehalten (1895); Des kirchliche Leben der evangelisch-lutherischen Landeskirche des Königreichs Sachsen (vol. i. of his Evangelische Kirchenkunde; Tübingen, 1902); Studien zur Geschichte des Gottesdienstes und des gottesdienst-lichen Lebens (3 parts, 1902-06); Die Ordination, Lehrverpflichtung and Prüfung der Ordinanden in Wittenberg 1535 (Giessen, 1904); Der evangelische Geistliche in der deutschen Vergangenheit (Jena, 1905); and Der Einfluss der gesellschaftlichen Zustände auf das kirchliche Leben (Tübingen, 1906). He has likewise been a joint editor of the Monatsschrift für die kirchliche Praxis since 1901.

DREY, JOHANN SEBASTIAN VON: Roman Catholic; b. at Killingen (near Ellwangen, 45 m. e.n.e. of Stuttgart) Oct. 16, 1777; d. at Tübingen Feb. 19, 1853. He studied theology at Augsburg, was ordained priest in 1801, and in 1812 was appointed professor of theology at Ellwangen. When this institution was disbanded in 1817 he became professor at Tübingen, holding this position till 1846, when he retired. With his colleagues Gratz, Herbst. and Hirscher he founded the Theologische Quartalschrift in 1819. His principal work was on Christian apologetics (2 vols., Mainz, 1838-43; 2d ed. enlarged, 3 vols., 1847).

DRISCOLL, JAMES FRANCIS: Roman Catholic; b. at East Poultney, Vt., Sept. 30, 1859. He studied at Montreal College (B.A., Laval University, 1881), the Grand Séminaire, Montreal (1881-84), the Séminaire St. Sulpice. Paris (1884-1886; bachelor of theology and canon law, Institut Catholique, Paris, 1886), Minerva University, Rome (1886-88), Università Reale, Rome (1886-1888), New York University (1897-1900), Johns Hopkins University (1901-02), and the Catholic University of America, Washington, D. C. (1901-1902). He was professor of dogmatic theology and Hebrew in the Theological Seminary of Montreal (1889-96), professor of the same subjects in St. Joseph's Seminary, Dunwoodie, N. Y. (1896-99), and of Holy Scripture and Hebrew in the same institution (1899-1901), professor of Scripture in St. Mary's Seminary, Baltimore, Md. (1901-02), sad at the same time professor of Semitic languages in St. Austin's College, Washington, D. C. Since 1902 he has been president and professor of moral theology in St. Joseph's Seminary. He was chairman of the Seminary Board in the annual conference for the promotion of Catholic education in 1905--06. In theological position he is "Roman Catholic, but of liberal progressive views--frankly welcoming all the reasonably established claims of modern scholarship in the field of science, philosophy, historical and Biblical criticism, etc." He has been editor of The New York Review since 1905.