DU MOULIN, PIERRE (Molingens): Celebrated preacher, professor, organizer, and controversialist of the French Reformed Church; b. at the chSteau of Buhyin, Normandy (department of Seineet-Oise), Oct. 18, 1568; d. at Sedan Mar. 10, 1658. His father, Joachim du Moulin, a Protestant preacher, after the Third Religious War took refuge at Buhy, which belonged to the family of Du PlesaisMornay, and Pierre was born in the same room as Philippe du Plessis-Mornay (q.v.). After St. Bartholomew's Night (Aug. 24, 1572) the family, then settled at Soissona, was again obliged to flee, and, under the protection of the duke of Bouillon, reached Si;dan. Here Pierre began his studies in the academy. In 1588 his father took him to Paris, and, declaring that he could no longer support his son, left with him twelve gulden in his purse. Paris not being safe at the time, Pierre went, to England and spent four years in London, where he ultimately became tutor to the young dukes of Rutland. He accompanied his pupils to Cambridge and Oxford and heard lectures in theol ogy and philosophy from Whitaker and Reynolds. His maiden sermon at the Huguenot Church of London was a suceesa. In 1592 he went to Hol land and became, first, lecturer on ancient lan guages, then professor of philosophy and Greek in the University of Leyden. He lived in Scaliger's house and had Hugo Grotius among his pupils. In 1598, after dedicating to the hospitable Leyden university a Panegyricus Batavice, he returned to France, and in December was ordained at Gien, where his father was then living. In March, 1599, he became minister of the Reformed congregation at Charenton, where he remained twenty-one years, faithful in danger and noted for eloquence. Cath erine of Bourbon, sister of Henry IV. and wife of Duke Henry of Bar (a Roman Catholic), made him her chaplain, and he spent two months of each year with her at her residence in Lorraine. Per haps his greatest celebrity was gained by his con troversies both with Roman Catholics and Calvin ists. Noteworthy among the former were (1) those with Palina-Cayet (1602), who tried to convert Catherine to Roman Catholicism (of. Name de la conference verbale et par eserit tenue entre M. P. du Moulin et M. Cayet par Archibald Adair, gentilhomme ecossais (Geneva, 1625); (2) with De Beaulieu about the mass and the doctrine of the Church; (3) with the Jesuit P. Coton concerning the teachings and morals of the Jesuits (1606-07); (4) with the priests Gontier (1610) and Coeffeteau (1625) on transub stantiation (see list of works below). His principal controversies with Reformed theologians were (1) with D. Tilenus, professor at Sedan, on the ubiqui tas corporis Christi; (2) with the Arminians, against whom he wrote his Anatome Arminianismi (Leyden, 1619); (3) against Amyraut and his school. By invitation of James I. of England he went to London in 1615, promising his Paris congregation to return in three months, and James proposed to him to attempt to unite all Protestants. Shortly after his return a Jesuit, Arnoux, preached before King Louis XIII., maintaining that the Scripture passages on which the Calvinist creed was founded were wrongly interpreted. In reply Du Moulin produced his two most celebrated works, La De fense de la religion chrétienne and Le Bouclier de la foy (Charenton, 1617; Eng. transl. of the latter, The Buckler of the Faith; or, A Defense of the Con fession of Faith of the Reformed Churches in France, London, 1620; 3d ed., 1631). This controversy ex asperated both parties and Du Moulin had to flee to Sedan, where he became pastor, professor, and tutor of the young duke of Bouillon. His oldest son, Pierre du Moulin (b. at Paris Apr. 24, 1601; d. at Canterbury, England, Oct. 10, 1684), lived in England, and died as chaplain to Charles II. and prebendary of Canterbury. He wrote a number of theological tracts. The most important of the elder Du Moulin's numerous writings, not already mentioned, were: De f erase de la f of catholique contenuz au livre du roi Jacques I, contre la rePonse de Coejfeteau (La Rochelle, 1604); APologie pour la Saints Cease du Seigneur, contre la presence corporelle ou tranasulr

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stantiation (1607; Eng. transl., London, 1612); De L'accamplissement des propheties (1612; Eng. transl., Oxford, 1613); Copie de la lettre escrite contre Tilenus aux rrtinistres de France (Paris, 1613); De la vocation des pasteurs (S_dan, 1618); NouveautE du papisme oppose d l'antiquite du urai christia nisme (1627); Abrggts des controverses, tru smnmaire des errettrs de l'Eglise romaine (1836); Du jugs des controverses (1630).

G. Bonet-Maury.

Bibliography: Du Moulin's Autobiographic, ed. C. Read, is given in Bulletin de la eoa6t6 d'histoire du Protestantiame franCaia, vii. 170 sqq.; J. Aymon, Tom In synodea natdonaux les epliaea rEjorrnEea de France, Tae Hague, 1710; A. Vinet, Histoire de la predication parmi Us réformha en France, Paris, 1880; H. M. Baird, The Huguenots and the Revocation of the Edict of Nantes, vol. i. psaeim, New York, 1895; P. de Fdliee, Les Protestants d'autre/oia, vol. i. passim, Paris, 1897.