Exodus 25:23-30

Exodus 25

Exodus 25:23-30
23. Thou shalt also make a table of shittim wood: two cubits shall be the length thereof, and a cubit the breadth thereof, and a cubit and half the height thereof.	23. Facies quoque mensam ex lignis sittim: duorum cubitorum erit longitudo ejus, et cubiti latitudo ejus, cubiti vero et dimidii alitudo ejus.
24. And thou shalt overlay it with pure gold, and make thereto a crown of gold round about.	24. Et teges eam auro puro, faciesque ei coronam auream in circuitu.
25. And thou shalt make unto it a border of an hand breadth round about, and thou shalt make a golden crown to the border thereof round about.	25. Facies quoque ei clausuram latam quatuor digitos in circuitu: faciesque coronam auream clausurae illi in circuitu.
26. And thou shalt make for it four rings of gold, and put the rings in the four corners that are on the four feet thereof.	26. Facies insuper ei quatuor annulos aureos, quos pones in quatuor angulis qui sunt in quatuor pedibus ejus.
27. Over against the border shall the rings be for places of the staves to bear the table.	27. E regione illius clausurae erunt annuli per quos trajicientur vectes ad portandum mensam:
28. And thou shalt make the staves of shittim wood, and overlay them with gold, that the table may be borne with them.	28. Faciesque vectes illos e lignis sittim: et operies eos auro, et feretur illis mensa.
29. And thou shalt make the dishes thereof, and spoons thereof, and covers thereof, and bowls thereof, to cover withal: of pure gold shalt thou make them.	29. Facies etiam scutellas ejus, et cochlearia ejus, et opercula ejus, et crateres ejus quibus libabitur: ex auro mundo facies ca.
30. And thou shalt set upon the table shewbread before me alway.	30. Et pones super mensam illam panem facierum coram me jugiter.

23. Thou shalt also make a table. The sentiment of a certain ancient bishop ¹ is deservedly praised, who, when he sold the sacred vessels in the time of a famine, to relieve the distress of the poor, thus excused himself to the Church: "Our God, who does not eat or drink, has no need of patens and chalices;" and yet this seems little in accordance with this His command, that bread should be offered to Him. I answer, that if, under that pretext, the bishop had stripped the sacred table of its ornaments under the Law, he would have spoken unseasonably, what, under the Gospel, he spoke piously and wisely; because at the coming of Christ the shadows of the Law ceased. But God would then have the loaves, which were offered to Him, deposited among the golden dishes and censers, and spoons placed with them, not that He had need of meat and drink, but that He might prescribe the duty of temperance to His people, by deigning to have His table among them; for, when they ate of the same wheat, of which the sacred loaves were made, they were reminded by that symbol that their meat and drink was to be taken, as if they sat before God, and were His guests. Finally, they were taught that the food, by which man's life is sustained, is in a manner sacred to God; that thus they might be contented with simple and sober food, and might not profane the things which were dedicated to His service. Although, therefore, this offering might appear to be gross and rude, yet it had a just object, i.e., that believers might acknowledge that God presided over their tables, because the loaves were presented in the temple before God in the name of all the people. The same was the intention of the first-fruits, in which the produce of the whole year was consecrated; that even in their feasts they might cherish a recollection of God, who fed them as a father does his children. They are called "the bread of faces" ² by Moses, because they always appeared before God, in which sense the Greeks called them the bread proqe>sewv, because they were always in His presence; for it was not permitted them to remove the precious offering, until others were substituted in their place. I now pass over many points, because what I now omit will soon have to be treated of.

¹ This was Acacius, bishop of Amida, who sold the treasures of the Church for the redemption of 7000 Persian slaves, who were perishing by famine in the hands of some Roman soldiers. Vide Socrates, lib. 7-121, quoted in Bingham, book 5-100; 6-6 JO Qeo>v hJmw~n u]te di>skwn o]ute pothri>wn crh>|bei? ou]te ga<r ejsqi>ei, u]te pi>nei, ejpei< mh< prosdeh>v ejstin, seem to be the words referred to by C.

² A.V., shew-bread. "In Hebrew called bread of faces or presence; because they were to be set before the face, or in the presence of God continually. The Hebrew doctors give also another reason, because every cake was made square, and so had as it were many faces." -- Ainsworth, in loco.